6 Identify each of the following vertebrae in Figure 8.37 as being cervical, thoracic, lumbar, cervical-axis, or cervical-atlas. Additionally, explain how you arrived at this conclusion.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
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Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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**Instruction:**

6. Identify each of the following vertebrae in Figure 8.37 as being cervical, thoracic, lumbar, cervical-axis, or cervical-atlas. Additionally, explain how you arrived at this conclusion.

a  
b  
c  

**Figure Description:**

- **Figure 8.37**: Unknown vertebrae:
  - **(A) Unknown vertebra 1**: 
    - The illustration shows a vertebra with broad wings and a large vertebral foramen, characteristic of a cervical vertebra, specifically the atlas. It has no vertebral body and the lateral masses are prominent, suggesting it supports the skull.
  - **(B) Unknown vertebra 2**: 
    - This vertebra features a dense body and round vertebral foramen, with large transverse processes. This is typical of a lumbar vertebra, which is designed to bear more weight.
  - **(C) Unknown vertebra 3**: 
    - The vertebra has a small body, long spinous process, and facets for rib attachment, indicating a thoracic vertebra. These features support connections with the ribs.

Students are encouraged to compare these characteristics with a standard anatomy reference to accurately classify each type.
Transcribed Image Text:**Instruction:** 6. Identify each of the following vertebrae in Figure 8.37 as being cervical, thoracic, lumbar, cervical-axis, or cervical-atlas. Additionally, explain how you arrived at this conclusion. a b c **Figure Description:** - **Figure 8.37**: Unknown vertebrae: - **(A) Unknown vertebra 1**: - The illustration shows a vertebra with broad wings and a large vertebral foramen, characteristic of a cervical vertebra, specifically the atlas. It has no vertebral body and the lateral masses are prominent, suggesting it supports the skull. - **(B) Unknown vertebra 2**: - This vertebra features a dense body and round vertebral foramen, with large transverse processes. This is typical of a lumbar vertebra, which is designed to bear more weight. - **(C) Unknown vertebra 3**: - The vertebra has a small body, long spinous process, and facets for rib attachment, indicating a thoracic vertebra. These features support connections with the ribs. Students are encouraged to compare these characteristics with a standard anatomy reference to accurately classify each type.
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