5.5 A uniform pipe 75 m long containing water is fitted with a plunger. The water is initially at rest. If the plunger is forced into the pipe in such a way that the water is acceler- ated uniformly to a velocity of 1.7 m s¹ in 1.4 s what will be the increase of pressure on the face of the plunger assuming that the water and the pipe are not elastic? If instead of being uniformly accelerated the plunger is driven by a crank 0.25 m long and making 120 rev min-¹ so that the plunger moves with simple harmonic motion, what would be the maximum pressure on the face of the piston? [91 kN m-², 2962.5 kN m-²]

Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
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164 Chapter 5 The Momentum Equation and its Applications
5.5 A uniform pipe 75 m long containing water is fitted
with a plunger. The water is initially at rest. If the plunger is
forced into the pipe in such a way that the water is acceler-
ated uniformly to a velocity of 1.7 m s¹ in 1.4 s what will be
the increase of pressure on the face of the plunger assuming
that the water and the pipe are not elastic?
If instead of being uniformly accelerated the plunger is
driven by a crank 0.25 m long and making 120 rev min-¹ so
that the plunger moves with simple harmonic motion, what
would be the maximum pressure on the face of the piston?
[91 kN m², 2962.5 kN m-²2]
5.6 A flat plate is struck normally by a jet of water 50 mm
in diameter with a velocity of 18 m s¹. Calculate (a) the
force on the plate when it is stationary, (b) the force on the
plate when it moves in the same direction as the jet with a
velocity of 6 m s-¹, (c) the work done per second and the
efficiency in case (b).
[(a) 636.2 N, (b) 282.7 N, (c) 1696.2 W, 29.6 per cent]
5.7 A jet of water 50 mm in diameter with a velocity of
18 m s¹ strikes a flat plate inclined at an angle of 25° to the
axis of the jet. Determine the normal force exerted on the
plate (a) when the plate is stationary, (b) when the plate is
moving at 4.5 m s-¹ in the direction of the jet, and (c) deter-
mine the work done and the efficiency for case (b).
[(a) 269 N, (b) 151.2 N, (c) 287.55 W, 5 per cent]
5.8 A jet of water delivers 85 dm³ s¹ at 36 m s¹ onto a
series of vanes moving in the same direction as the jet at
18 m s¹. If stationary, the water which enters tangentially
would be diverted through an angle of 135°. Friction re-
duces the relative velocity at exit from the vanes to 0.80 of
that at entrance. Determine the magnitude of the resultant
force on the vanes and the efficiency of the arrangement.
Assume no shock at entry.
[2546 N, 0.783]
5.9 A 5 cm diameter jet delivering 56 litres of water per
second impinges without shock on a series of vanes moving
at 12 m s¹ in the same direction as the jet. The vanes are
curved so that they would, if stationary, deflect the jet
through an angle of 135°. Fluid resistance has the effect of
reducing the relative velocity by 10 per cent as the water
traverses the vanes. Determine (a) the magnitude and direc-
tion of the resultant force on the vanes, (b) the work done
per second by the vanes and (c) the efficiency of the
arrangement.
[(a) 1632 N at 21°15', (b) 18.25 kW, (c) 79.7 per cent]
5.10 Figure 5.25 shows a cross-section of the end of a
circular duct through which air (density 1.2 kg m-³) is
discharged to atmosphere through a circumferential slot,
the exit velocity being 30 m s. Find the force exerted on the
duct by the air if the gauge pressure at A is 2065 N m-²
below the pressure at outlet.
[720.7 N]
5.14 A rocket is fired vertically starting from rest. Neglecting
air resistance, what velocity will it attain in 68 s if its initial
mass is 13 000 kg and fuel is burnt at the rate of 124 kg s-¹,
A
FIGURE 5.25
Water flow
→
0.3 m
diam
5.11 Water flows thro
arrangement shown in F
the horizontal plane. The
the atmosphere as a para
and the pressure at A is 1.
neglected. Find the mome
water on this arrangemen
point X.
1.2 m
diam
Perfectly flexible
joint
FIGURE 5.26
1.1 m
diam
8 cm diam
A
10 cr
5.12 A ram-jet engine c
and 0.6 kg of fuel per sec-
is 520 m s¹ relative to th
200 m s¹ absolute. What
5.13 The resistance of a
at a speed of um s¹. It is
with intakes facing forwa
being 0.8 and the efficienc
to be driven at 3.4 m s-¹.
pumped astern per secon
the pump.
5.17 A lawn sprink
nozzles at each end n
at 40° to the horizon
Transcribed Image Text:164 Chapter 5 The Momentum Equation and its Applications 5.5 A uniform pipe 75 m long containing water is fitted with a plunger. The water is initially at rest. If the plunger is forced into the pipe in such a way that the water is acceler- ated uniformly to a velocity of 1.7 m s¹ in 1.4 s what will be the increase of pressure on the face of the plunger assuming that the water and the pipe are not elastic? If instead of being uniformly accelerated the plunger is driven by a crank 0.25 m long and making 120 rev min-¹ so that the plunger moves with simple harmonic motion, what would be the maximum pressure on the face of the piston? [91 kN m², 2962.5 kN m-²2] 5.6 A flat plate is struck normally by a jet of water 50 mm in diameter with a velocity of 18 m s¹. Calculate (a) the force on the plate when it is stationary, (b) the force on the plate when it moves in the same direction as the jet with a velocity of 6 m s-¹, (c) the work done per second and the efficiency in case (b). [(a) 636.2 N, (b) 282.7 N, (c) 1696.2 W, 29.6 per cent] 5.7 A jet of water 50 mm in diameter with a velocity of 18 m s¹ strikes a flat plate inclined at an angle of 25° to the axis of the jet. Determine the normal force exerted on the plate (a) when the plate is stationary, (b) when the plate is moving at 4.5 m s-¹ in the direction of the jet, and (c) deter- mine the work done and the efficiency for case (b). [(a) 269 N, (b) 151.2 N, (c) 287.55 W, 5 per cent] 5.8 A jet of water delivers 85 dm³ s¹ at 36 m s¹ onto a series of vanes moving in the same direction as the jet at 18 m s¹. If stationary, the water which enters tangentially would be diverted through an angle of 135°. Friction re- duces the relative velocity at exit from the vanes to 0.80 of that at entrance. Determine the magnitude of the resultant force on the vanes and the efficiency of the arrangement. Assume no shock at entry. [2546 N, 0.783] 5.9 A 5 cm diameter jet delivering 56 litres of water per second impinges without shock on a series of vanes moving at 12 m s¹ in the same direction as the jet. The vanes are curved so that they would, if stationary, deflect the jet through an angle of 135°. Fluid resistance has the effect of reducing the relative velocity by 10 per cent as the water traverses the vanes. Determine (a) the magnitude and direc- tion of the resultant force on the vanes, (b) the work done per second by the vanes and (c) the efficiency of the arrangement. [(a) 1632 N at 21°15', (b) 18.25 kW, (c) 79.7 per cent] 5.10 Figure 5.25 shows a cross-section of the end of a circular duct through which air (density 1.2 kg m-³) is discharged to atmosphere through a circumferential slot, the exit velocity being 30 m s. Find the force exerted on the duct by the air if the gauge pressure at A is 2065 N m-² below the pressure at outlet. [720.7 N] 5.14 A rocket is fired vertically starting from rest. Neglecting air resistance, what velocity will it attain in 68 s if its initial mass is 13 000 kg and fuel is burnt at the rate of 124 kg s-¹, A FIGURE 5.25 Water flow → 0.3 m diam 5.11 Water flows thro arrangement shown in F the horizontal plane. The the atmosphere as a para and the pressure at A is 1. neglected. Find the mome water on this arrangemen point X. 1.2 m diam Perfectly flexible joint FIGURE 5.26 1.1 m diam 8 cm diam A 10 cr 5.12 A ram-jet engine c and 0.6 kg of fuel per sec- is 520 m s¹ relative to th 200 m s¹ absolute. What 5.13 The resistance of a at a speed of um s¹. It is with intakes facing forwa being 0.8 and the efficienc to be driven at 3.4 m s-¹. pumped astern per secon the pump. 5.17 A lawn sprink nozzles at each end n at 40° to the horizon
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