5. Which of the following organic compounds may result in the greatest amount of ATP generated during aerobic cell respiration? one mole of fats, which are much more highly reduced compared to carbohydrates. one mole of amino acids, which are much more highly reduced compared to carbohydrates. one mole of simple sugars, such as glucose. one mole of amino acids, which are less reduced compared to carbohydrates. C E
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
This is homework
![**Question 5: Aerobic Cell Respiration and ATP Generation**
**Which of the following organic compounds may result in the greatest amount of ATP generated during aerobic cell respiration?**
- [ ] One mole of fats, which are much more highly reduced compared to carbohydrates.
- [ ] One mole of amino acids, which are much more highly reduced compared to carbohydrates.
- [ ] One mole of simple sugars, such as glucose.
- [ ] One mole of amino acids, which are less reduced compared to carbohydrates.
**Explanation:**
This question explores the potential of various organic molecules in generating ATP through aerobic respiration. The reduction state of a molecule affects the number of electrons available for transfer in metabolic processes, which in turn affects ATP production. Generally, fats, being more reduced, can yield more ATP than carbohydrates like glucose.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F78a96f4b-c4a7-4e44-95dd-3606c481f172%2Fc835d0d6-2137-46a4-9be6-5de34163de74%2Fyfcd525_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
One mole of amino acids, which are much more highly reduced compared to carbohydrates: Amino acids are indeed reduced compounds, but they are less efficient in giving energy.
Amino acids are mainly used for protein synthesis and are not a primary source of energy. Therefore the 2nd option is incorrect.
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