Answered: 5. Identify the substituents circled.… | bartleby

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter22: Organic And Biological Molecules

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7RQ

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5. Identify the substituents circled. The alkyl groups we should know by memory: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl,
butyl, sec-butyl, and isobutyl.

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Name the given formulas.
Give the correct IUPAC names of the following organic compounds. Alcohol and phenols.
Pyrethrins, such as jasmolin II (shown below), are a group of natural compounds that are synthesized by flowers of the genus Chrysanthemum (known as pyrethrum flowers) to act as insecticides. CH3 CH2=CH-CH. CH-C- -HCS 0-CH, CH,-C H2C- ČH, Which is not a functional group or structural feature in jasmolin II? cycloalkane carboxylic acid ester alkene
- Identify each organic compound as an alkane, alkene, alkyne, aromatic hydrocarbon, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, or amine, and provide a name for the compound. H CH,-CH-N-CH,-CH,-CH,-CH, CH3
3. Name all the functional group/s in the following organic compound. This is the chemical compound 'capsaicin' - the source of the heat in hot chili peppers. HHOH HHHHH H -C-N-C-C- -с-с-с-с-с-с-с-снз H. H HHH H ČH3 b. H H C=C C-C- C- H H. H3C-O -C C-C H d. C.
14. One way of naming ethers is to name the two alkyl groups attached to the oxygen atom in alphabetical order and add the word ether. If the two alkyl groups are the same, we use the prefix di-, for example, as in dimethyl ether. Write bond-line structural formulas for (a.) diethyl ether, (b.) ethyl propyl ether, and (c.) ethyl isopropyl ether. What name would give to OMe (d) (e) and (f) CH;OCGH5?
What are aromatic hydrocarbons? Benzene exhibits resonance. Explain. What are the bond angles in benzene? Give a detailed description of the bonding in benzene. The electrons in benzene are delocalized, while the electrons in simple alkenes and alkynes are localized. Explain the difference.
What functional group distinguishes each of the following hydrocarbon derivatives? a. halohydrocarbons b. alcohols c. ethers d. aldehydes e. ketones f. carboxylic acids g. esters h. amines Give examples of each functional group. What prefix or suffix is used to name each functional group? What are the bond angles in each? Describe the bonding in each functional group. What is the difference between a primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohol? For the functional groups in ah, when is a number required to indicate the position of the functional group? Carboxylic acids are often written as RCOOH. What does COOH indicate and what does R indicate? Aldehydes are sometimes written as RCHO. What does CHO indicate?
What is meant by the term “unsaturated hydrocarbon”? What structural feature characterizes unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Distinguish between isomerism and resonance. Distinguish between structural and geometric isomerism. When writing the various structural isomers, the most difficult task is identifying which are different isomers and which are identical to a previously written structurethat is, which are compounds that differ only by the rotation of a carbon single bond. How do you distinguish between structural isomers and those that are identical? Alkenes and cycloalkanes are structural isomers of each other. Give an example of each using C4H8. Another common feature of alkenes and cycloalkanes is that both have restricted rotation about one or more bonds in the compound, so both can exhibit cis- trans isomerism. What is required for an alkene or cycloalkane to exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain the difference between cis and trans isomers. Alcohols and ethers are structural isomers of each other, as are aldehydes and ketones. Give an example of each to illustrate. Which functional group in Table 21-4 can be structural isomers of carboxylic acids? What is optical isomerism? What do you look for to determine whether an organic compound exhibits optical isomerism? 1-Bromo-1-chloroethane is optically active whereas 1-bromo-2-chloroethane is not optically active. Explain.
6. Draw and name five (5) structural isomers of heptane.
15) The IUPAC name for H3C-CH2-CEC-CH3 is 2-pentyne. 2-pentene. 2-propene. 1-methylbutyne. 3-pentyne.

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