5. Consider a medical practitioner pondering the following dilemma: "If I'm at least 80 percentcertain that my patient has this disease, then I always recommend surgery, whereas if l'mnot quite as certain, then I recommend additional tests that are expensive and sometimespainful. Now, initially I was only 60 percent certain that Jones had the disease, so I orderedthe series A test, which always gives a positive result when the patient has the diseaseand almost never does when he is healthy. The test result was positive, and I was all setto recommend surgery when Jones informed me, for the first time, that he was diabetic.This information complicates matters because, although it doesn't change my original 60percent estimate of his chances of having the disease in question, it does affect theinterpretation of the results of the A test. This is so because the A test, while never yieldinga positive result when the patient is healthy, does unfortunately yield a positive result 30percent of the time in the case of diabetic patients who are not suffering from the disease.Now what do I do? More tests or immediate surgery?"

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/7aeb687f-b60d-4e76-8ea4-7fa47237ea57.jpg

Answered: 5. Consider a medical practitioner…

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

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Use the following information for questions 36-48 Transcendent Technologies is deciding between developing a complicated thought-activated software, or a simple voice-activated software. Since the thought- activated software is complicated, it only has a 30% chance of actually going through to a successful launch, but would generate revenues of $50million if launched. The voice-activated software is simple and hence has a 80% chance of being launched but only generates a revenue of $10million. The complicated technology costs 10million, whereas the simple technology costs 2million. If the firm can only afford developing one of the software, which one would it rather develop (based on expected profit/gain) a. The simple voice-activated software b. The complicated thought-activated software c. Neither of the software O d. Need more information
On May 13, 2020, the New York Times published an article by Professors Todd Haugh and Suneal Bedi of Indiana University entitled, “Just Because You Test Positive for Antibodies Doesn’t Mean You Have Them.” Here is an excerpt from the article: “… the predictive value of an antibody test with 90 percent accuracy could be as low as 32 percent if the base rate of infection in the population is 5 percent. Put another way, there is an almost 70 percent probability in that case that the test will falsely indicate a person has antibodies. The reason for this is a simple matter of statistics. The lower prevalence there is of a trait in a studied population —here, coronavirus infection — the more likely that a test will return a false positive. While a more accurate test will help, it can’t change the statistical reality when the base rate of infection is very low.” Suppose we select one person at random from a population in which 5 percent of people are infected with COVID-19, and give that…
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When comparing simulation solutions to analytical solutions, which of the following are considered advantages of simulation solutions? I. Less randomness II. Useful in selling solutions to management III. Very versatilea. I and II only b. I and III only c. II and III only d. I, II, and III
Let's say the program reduces the risk of 30-day readmission. If 5% of the patients who received early mobility were re - admitted and 10% of the patients who did not receive it were re - admitted, we can infer: Patients who received early mobility were times as likely to be re- admitted compared to those who did not. a. 1.50 b. 0.50 c. 10.00 d . 2.00
The researcher receives funding to also study disease Y and finds the following: disease Y death rate per 100,000 for ME is 72 and for NE is 45. Which of the following is the true statement? The researcher receives funding to also study disease Y and finds the following: disease Y death rate per 100,000 for ME is 72 and for NE is 45. Which of the following is the true statement? Meat - eating seems to be more causally related to Disease Y than Disease The etiologic fraction ( attributable fraction) of Disease Y is 1.6 The population etiologic fraction (population attributable fraction) of Disease Y is 67%. None of the above
ANOVA. Dr. Milgramm is conducting a patient satisfaction survey, rating how well her patients like her on a scale of 1-10. Her patients tend to fall into three categories: “Like a lot”, “like somewhat”, and “dislike a lot”. She believes that she might get different satisfaction scores from people in each group, but (because she's not great at numbers) she wants you to do an ANOVA to be sure. She has collected data from 12 patients (three equal groups) with the following results. Group 1) “Like a lot” Mean: 8 SS: 2 N: df: Group 2) “Like somewhat” Mean: 5 SS: 6 N: df: Group 3) “Dislike a lot” Mean: 2 SS: 4 N: df: Grand Mean: df Within-Group:__________ df Between-Groups:___________ Estimated Variance (S21) for Group 1: _______ Estimated Variance (S22) for Group 2: ___________ Estimated…
Only the question 5 and 6 need to be resolved. Others have been reaolved already. Question: sample of 15, 10 years old children was taken to study whether watching television reduces the amount of physical exercise, causing weight gains. The number of kilograms each child was overweight by was recorded (a negative number indicates the child is underweight). In addition, the number of hours of television viewing per week was also recorded. These data are listed in the table below. Television(hours) 42 34 25 35 37 38 31 33 19 29 38 28 29 36 18 Overweight (Kg) 8 3 0 0 6 6 3 3 -4 4 4 2 1 6 -3 Use an appropriate plot to investigate the relationship between Television(hours) and Overweight (KG). Briefly explain the selection of each variable on the X and Y axes and why? Calculate and interpret the coefficient of correlation (r) between Television(hours) and Overweight (KG).…
10
1. Here is data testing dosage amounts for a new drug used to treat pain. Due to its recent development, researchers want to know what is the appropriate dosage to treat chronic pain in arthritis patients. Each participant was given either a sugar pill, 50 mg, or 100 mg of the new medication. It is predicted that the 50 mg will be more effective than the placebo, and the 100 mg will be more effective than both the placebo and 50 mg. After a month, each participant rated their pain level. The higher the value, the more pain they felt. Use alpha = .05 Placebo/Sugar Pill 50 mg 100 mg X1 = 14 SS, = 932 X2 = 12 X3 = 7 SS2 = 654 SS3 = 620 ni = 40 n2 = 40 n3 = 40 SS Total 3106 A. State the hypotheses. B. Make a decision about the null. C. State your conclusion. D. Relate your conclusion to the research. E. If allowed, conduct analytical comparisons. a. State the hypotheses. b. Make a decision about the null. c. State your conclusion. d. Relate your conclusion to the research.
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You are interested in the relationship between exercise and anxiety. You therefore design two separate studies. Study 1: You give a questionnaire about exercise. This questionnaire yields a score between 0 and 30, with 0 being never exercises, and 30 being exercises near constantly. You also give a questionnaire about anxiety. This questionnaire yields a score between 0 and 50, with 0 being not anxious at all, and 50 being extremely anxious. You then see if scores on the exercise questionnaire are related to scores on the anxiety questionnaire. Study 2: You randomly assign individuals to one of two groups. Group 1 must exercise for an hour a day 5 days a week, for one month. Group 2 must not exercise at all for the whole month. After the month, you conduct a formal diagnostic interview with each person to determine their level of anxiety. This anxiety interview yields an anxiety scale between 1 and 20. You then see if mean anxiety, as measured by the interview, is significantly…

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