5. A certain seaweed plant is found in estuaries. At high tide, the plant is exposed to sea water; at low tide, the plant is exposed to brackish water (less salty water). The concentrations of some dissolved materials remain virtually constant in the cells of the seaweed. The concentrations of various substances inside the cells of a certain seaweed in sea water and in brackish water were determined. Note: the cell maintains the concentration shown, in both sea water and brackish water. Substance Cell Sea Water Brackish Water Calcium 1.7 12.0 1.7 Sodium 90.0 500.0 60.0 Potassium 480.0 - 500.0 28.0 1.4 Chlorine 520.0 520.0 73.0 Use the following key to answer the next four questions. (I, 4) A) calcium B) sodium C) potassium D) chloride a) Which substance is actively transported into the cell from both sea water and brackish water? b) Which substance enters by active transport in brackish water and requires no energy input to maintain it in salt water? c) Which substance is actively transported out of the cell in sea water and actively transported into the cell in brackish water? d) Which substance requires the cell to expend energy to maintain its concentration in sea water but not in brackish water?
Cell Structure
The knowledge and concept about the structure of the cells have changed constantly over the past years. Primarily the scientist defines the cells as a simple membranous sac with fluids and some particles. Researches have now revealed that the cell is the more complex and basic unit of life. There are different types of cells and they also differ in shape and structure. The basic three parts of a cell are cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelle.
Plant Cell
The smallest functional unit of a living organism is known as the cell. It is composed of cytoplasm enclosed by an outer layer known as the cell membrane. A cell is classified as a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell. A prokaryotic cell does not contain a nucleus, and the genetic material is freely suspended in the cell cytoplasm; for example, bacteria are composed of a prokaryotic cell. Whereas a eukaryotic cell contains a nucleus and membrane-bound cell organelles with a specific function, plants and animal cells are examples of eukaryotic cells.
Plant Cell Types
Plants are made up of a variety of cell types that include both living and dead cells. These cells provide them mechanical and structural support along with the growth of plants. Plant tissue is a group or collection of cells, which are similar in structure and work together to accomplish a specific function. Plant cells are most similar to animal cells, both being eukaryotic cells.
A certain seaweed plant is found in estuaries. At high tide, the plant is exposed to sea water; at low tide, the plant is exposed to brackish water (less salty water). The concentrations of some dissolved materials remain virtually constant in the cells of the seaweed.
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