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- (12) Consider a market with social marginal benefit (quantity demanded) given by SMB = 600 – Q and private marginal cost (quantity supplied) given by PMC = Q. Social marginal cost is given by SMC = 200 + Q. Assume SMB = PMB. (a) Graph these SMB, SMC, and PMC curves. (b) Find the market equilibrium price and quantity. (c) Find the socially optimal equilibrium price and quantity.A positive externality arises in a situation where a third party, outside the transaction, Group of answer choices fails to allocate resources efficiently. suffers from a market transaction by others. pays a pollution tax to balance social costs. benefits from a market transaction by others.Lecture: Externality - Pigou8. All-Leather is a tanning company located on Lake Michigan in Chicago. Its total cost functionis C(QA) = 125 + 8QA + 5QA2, where QA is leather production per week in thousands of pounds.a) If leather sells for $408 per thousand pounds, how much leather will All-Leather produce?How much profit does All-leather earn?Enjoy is a beverage company located on Lake Michigan near All-Leather in Chicago. Enjoy’sproduction of beverages is negatively affected by water pollution from All-Leather’s productionof leather. Enjoy’s total cost function to produce beverages isC(QE) = 10QE +3QE2 + 3QA2where QE is Enjoy’s weekly production of beverages, in thousandsof gallons and, as above, QA is All-Leather’s weekly production of leather.b) Is this an example of a pecuniary externality or a real externality? Explain.c) What is the extra cost to Enjoy from an additional thousand tons of leather production by AllLeather (i.e., the external marginal cost of an extra unit of QA…
- In the market for travel, what is true about the relationship between the market equilibrium (n) and the socially optimal equilibrium (nº) amount of travel when there is zero negative externality? The market equilibrium amount of travel is greater than the socially optimal amount of travel The market equilibrium amount of travel is less than the socially optimal amount of travel The market equilibrium amount of travel is equal to socially optimal amount of travelPlease answer precisely and clearly. thank you.Which of the following instruments is government most likely to apply when confronted with a positive externality? (a) Subsidies. (b) Taxation. (c) Coase bargaining. (d) Usage fees.
- When equilibrium output in a competitive market is at the socially efficient level: a) only market values are incorporated into marginal benefits to consumers and marginal costs of production. b) net social value is as large as possible. c) the marginal benefit to consumers may exceed or be less than the marginal cost of production. d) total willingness to pay is as large as possible.8) Consider a perfectly competitive market with a negative externality. What will happen to the social surplus if the government introduces a lump-sum tax on producers? A) Increase in the short run; increase in the long-run B) Increase in the short run; no change in the long-run C) Increase in the short run; decrease in the long-run D) No change in the short run; increase in the long-run E) No change in the short run; no change in the long-run F) No change in the short run; decrease in the long-run G) Decrease in the short run; increase in the long-run H) Decrease in the short run; no change in the long-run I) Decrease in the short run; decrease in the long-run J) The scenario described in this question is impossible because a perfectly competitive market cannot have a negative externalityCompared to ideal economic efficiency, when the production of a good generates external benefits, competitive markets will likely result in an output that is too A) large and a price that is too high. B) large and a price that is too low. C) small and a price that is too high. D) small and a price that is too low.
- Match the following with: overproduced, efficiency, underproduced, deadweight lost. 1) A negative externality leads to ________. 2) A public good tends to be ________. 3) Reducing pollution leads to ________.23If a good imported from abroad creates significant pollution (a negative externality), then the market price of the good is considered to be too _______ and the importing country should set ________ tariffs. A) high; high B) low; high C) low; no D) high; no