5- crossover misalignment. B-Causes a duplication of a certain portion of chromosome while the other sister chromatid is missing this portion of chromosome. C-Usually results in genetic drift. D- p^2+q^2= 1, or p^2+2pq+q^2=1 E- Change in allele frequency, and it is more observed in small populations.

Q: Describe cellular action mechanisms of testosterone and related androgens.

A: Androgens are sex hormones which are present in both males and females there are responsible for…

Q: Expand the biological abbrevation (i) ACTH (ii) TSH.

A: These two are abbreviations of hormones.  Hormones are chemical messengers that are secreted…

Q: Define triiodothyronine (T3)

A: The thyroid gland is a vital hormone gland. It plays a major role in the metabolism, growth and…

Q: Describe the structure of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portalsystem, and briefly discuss the…

A: Introduction: The master center of the endocrine system of the human body is the hypothalamus as it…

Q: List and give examples of the three different chemical classes ofhormones, and describe some of…

A: Hormones are chemical messengers and help in the growth and development of organisms. The different…

Q: are prohormone considered to be on or off

A: Prohormones, as precursor molecules, have a unique status in the realm of hormones and…

Q: Define tranquillisers and and opiate.

A: Step 1 Addictive drugs are actually useful medicines that help patients in the management of pain,…

Q: Enlist functions of the hormone testosterone

A: Introduction: The interstitial cell regulating hormone stimulates the testis's Leydig…

Q: what dose chromtin do

A: Chromatin is a complex of nucleic acids (DNA) and proteins found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.…

Q: Describe CLN3

A: According to the question, we have to provide the information related to CLN3. It is actually a…

Q: Aldosterone is an important steroid hormone that regulates water and salt balance. People with…

A: 21-hydroxylase deficiency is caused due to the variations in the CYP21A2 gene. It is inherited in an…

Q: Estrogen - For the hormone  Estrogen (in humans) what is; 1. the origin (gland that secretes the…

A: Endocrine glands are made up of specialized cells that make hormones. Hormones function as chemical…

Q: Why the physiology of the HGFs is very complex?

A: HGF (Hepatocyte growth factor) is the protein component present in the body

Q: Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) binds about 60% of the testosterone in circulation. What is the…

A: Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is a protein synthesized primarily by the liver that binds to…

Q: Enkephalins and endorphins are referred to as “nature’s opiates.” Explain this saying.

A: Opioids are a class of drugs that are addictive and function as pain relievers and as sedatives.…

Q: After doing some tests, the patients velocity constant is found to be 0.03 hour^-1. The doctor plans…

A: The velocity constant (k) for the patient is 0.03 hour-1. First of all, the infusion rate should be…

Q: Define tetraiodothyronine (T4)

A: Tetraiodothyronine is an iodine containing hormone which is secreted by thyroid gland in the…

Q: Androgen - For the hormone Androgen (in humans) what is; 1. the origin (gland that secretes the…

A: Hormones are the secretions of the endocrine glands. Hormones regulate the metabolic activities of…

Q: Which of the following rows correctly identifies the glands and hormones shown in the above diagram?…

A: In this diagram, regulation of reproductive hormones (testosterone) secretion in males is depicted.

Q: Estrone and estradiol are the two most important male sex hormones. Select one: O True O False

A: Hormones are the chemical messengers that maintain the homeostatic environment in the body. The…

Q: Which of the following can be synthesized from phenylalanine? Epinephrine Melatonin y-amino butyric…

A: Phenylalanine is an essential amino acids involved in the synthesis of many important hormones and…

Q: What are autocrine substances? Give some examples?

A: Autocrine Signaling: In this cell signals itself, releases a ligand , hormone or chemical messenger…

Q: Decrease Inhibits Stimulates Increase Stimulates Stimulates Increase Inhibits Inhibits

A: Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are the divisions of autonomic nervous system in which the…

Q: Define corticoids.

A: The adrenal glands are the small glands that are located at the top of the kidney. It is situated…

Q: explain the fifferences in gamate production between males and females

A: Reproductive system is a body system which is involved in synthesis of male and female hormones ,…

Q: Define catecholamine

A: Introduction: Hormones are chemical messengers that are secreted directly into the bloodstream,…

Q: Define ADP

A: The energy required for various metabolic activities of the cell is produced by an enzyme ATP…

Q: Label the following component.

A: An electrically excitable cell known as a neuron, neurone, or nerve cell communicates with other…

Q: Describe the levels of progesterone during an average 28-day cycle and explain why these levels…

A: Hormones are the chemical molecules which acts as a chemical messenger for different body tissues…

Q: Write a summary on Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) of Progesterone ? Or write a short note on…

A: Progestrone is a class of steroidal hormones.steroid hormones in mammals are biosynthesised from the…

Q: Explain the presence of the abnormal constituents ofurine.

A: Urine is a generally sterile liquid by-product of the body and is eliminated through the kidneys…

Q: Name the structure that produces progesterone.

A: The corpus luteum is a yellow hormone-secreting body.  It is formed by the ovum, which is not…

Q: What is the relationbetween secretion ofparathormone and the calciumblood level?

A: The bones act as a storage site for calcium: The body stores calcium inside the bones when blood…

Q: Give the expression for BMI

A: The BMI is a measurement of a person's weight in relation to his height. The body mass index (BMI)…

Q: Define gonadotrophins.

A: Hormones are chemical substances produced by glands that are transported by the blood to the target…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.