40. The position of a 300.0 g mass attached to a certain spring is given by x = 0.20 sin(5.0t), where x is in meters and t is in seconds. (To graph or calculate use radian mode.) The 5.0 in the equation represents the “angular frequency” and, with units, is: ω = 5.0 radians/second. (Angular frequency satisfies either of these equations: ω = 2πf or ω = 2π/T.) (a) Determine the spring constant k. (b) Determine the maximum amount of force acting on the 300 g mass. (c) Determine a new position function if the original mass is replaced by a 600.0 g object (attached to the same spring) and released from a position of x = 0.30 m at t = 0.0. (Hint: using a cosine function is convenient this time.)
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
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