typed answer and atremt all please 4. What are antibodies? Giving structural features of antibodies, show thebinding of an antigen molecule to it.5. How strength of the antigen-antibody interaction is judged with theassociation/dissociation reaction. Also describe how do you assess ifbinding is tight6. Give 2 applications of denatured proteins

The immune system consists of multiple cells, signaling molecules, tissues, and organs. The…

Answered: 4. What are antibodies? Giving…

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter45: Defenses Against Disease

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5TYK

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5. A diagram of an antibody IgG molecule is given below. Indicate the locations of the following items on the diagram by putting the letter next to those parts of the molecule. If a part occurs more than once, mark all copies of the part. If you want you can draw the structure, mark it, take a picture, and insert the photo. (a) (b) (d) (e) the heavy chains the light chains the antigen binding site(s) the hinge region the Fc region
Match the antibody term in Column A with its correct characteristics in Column B. Use each answer only once.
2. Antibodies, their nature. Classification of immunoglobulins. Antibody producers, product dynamics.
16. The Type A Transferase enzyme, attaches N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) to H-antigen epitopes; the Type B Transferase enzyme instead transfers galactose (Gal) to the H-antigen. Individuals with Type A blood thus have at minimum one copy of the active Type A Transferase, those with Type B have at minimum one copy of the active Type B Transferase, those with Type AB have one active copy of each, those with Type O have neither. Imagine an AB individual who acquires a mutation in their Type B Transferase gene that allows it to be active with either Gal or GalNAc. Make sure to include a brief justification for your answer to each question below. a. What blood type antigens would this individual express? b. If this individual had a child with a normal O partner, what possible blood type antigens could the child express? c. If this individual had a child with a homozygous dominant B partner (BB), what possible blood type antigens could the child express?
3. You are studying an interaction between an antibody and the antigen shown below. The amine next to the benzene ring has a pKa of 10.5 and the carboxylic acid has a pKa of 4.2. Circle each of these functional groups on the molecule below. (b) Y NH₂ HO B. Draw the structure of the antigen at pH 7.4. Santeita oble OHM- pra 120773 1111 Suish MS HJ HO ng bbsonings sd (3) ~ misn 11 ال مام له Nor Tesn prifto emen (JurisionA WAS Wa Judas C. There is one ionic bond and 3 hydrogen bonds that occur between the antibody and antigen. The ionic bond forms between a glutamate on the antibody and the protonated amine of the antigen. One of the hydrogen bond forms between a serine side chain on the antibody and the carboxylic acid of the antigen. Draw the ionic bond, including the full chemical structure of the side chain of the antibody. Indicate the ionic bond with a wavy line. D. A mutation occurs in the antibody such that the serine described above changes to an alanine. Do you expect the…
What are the different properties of an antigenEnumerate and discuss the concept of antigenicityIdentify and differentiate the different types of antigenWhat are the different properties of an antibodyDifferentiate the various types of antibodies
7 Correctly label the anatomy of an antibody. Disulfide bonds Light chain Constant (C) regions Complement binding site Variable (V) regions Antigen-binding site Hinge region Heavy chain ts eBook, Print References Mc Graw Hill Nextlim < Prev 7 of 20 Type here to search 76 F
Because they sometimes cross-react with antigens other than those being tested for, polyclonal antibodies lack 1. reactivity 2. sensitivity 3. specificity 4. antigenicity
21. Name the cells that develop into immunoglobulins. 22. Name common electrolytes found in plasma and then give the function of each. Electrolytes In Plasma Na+ CI- K+ Ca+2 HCO3- Functions Needed for nerve impulses, muscle contractions needed to maintain negative concentration inside cel Needed for nerve impulses and muscle contraction Needed for muscle contraction bone and teeth structure, cell signaling, blood clotting Acts as a buffer
4. Compare how long active immunity and passive immunity last. Explain the difference between the two types of immunity. In what situations is one type preferred over the other? Scanned with CarmScanner
could you explain to me in detail how to work out these problem! thanks
44. Which of the following is not true of the results of antigen-antibody binding? O Agglutination reducing the number of infectious particles to be phagocytosed Neutralization preventing toxins & viruses attaching to cellular receptors; and microbes from attaching via adhesins to mucosal surfaces Lysis (MAC), via activation by antibodies of all 5 immunoglobulin classes, of complement in the Classical pathway of complement activation, Antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity permitting natural killer (NK) cells to recognize & kill antibody coated cells; & eosinophils to attack worms with attached IgE. All of the above are true

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