4. The gravitational force between two masses m₁ and m₂ located a distance r apart has a magnitude of m1m₂ FG = G where G = 6.674×10-¹¹ N. m²/kg²; this has a nearly identical form to the Coulomb force law between two charges (except the force constants are different and masses are always positive). Suppose two identical spherical masses with radius a = 30 µm and mass density pm = 2.2 x 10³ kg/m³ are located a distance L apart. L If they are released rest, their gravitational attraction will cause them to eventually collide. If, however, each mass has the same charge, then a Coulomb force will oppose the gravitation force. Suppose each mass has an excess of n extra electrons that causes both to be negatively charged. Find the minimum number n that would prevent the masses from colliding.

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The gravitational force between two masses m and m2 located a distance r apart has a magnitude of FG =Gmm2, where G = 6.674×10 N ⋅ m2/kg2; this has a nearly identical form to the Coulomb force law between two charges (except the force constants are different and masses are always positive). Suppose two identical spherical masses with radius a = 30 μm and mass density ρm = 2.2 × 103 kg/m3 are located a distance L apart. If they are released rest, their gravitational attraction will cause them to eventually collide. If, however, each mass has the same charge, then a Coulomb force will oppose the gravitation force. Suppose each mass has an excess of n extra electrons that causes both to be negatively charged. Find the minimum number n that would prevent the masses from colliding.
**4. The gravitational force between two masses \( m_1 \) and \( m_2 \) located a distance \( r \) apart has a magnitude of**

\[
F_G = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2},
\]

**where \( G = 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N} \cdot \text{m}^2/\text{kg}^2 \); this has a nearly identical form to the Coulomb force law between two charges (except the force constants are different and masses are always positive). Suppose two identical spherical masses with radius \( a = 30 \, \mu\text{m} \) and mass density \( \rho_m = 2.2 \times 10^3 \, \text{kg/m}^3 \) are located a distance \( L \) apart.**

[Diagram: Two identical spheres with radius \( a \) separated by a distance \( L \).]

**If they are released from rest, their gravitational attraction will cause them to eventually collide. If, however, each mass has the same charge, then a Coulomb force will oppose the gravitational force. Suppose each mass has an excess of \( n \) extra electrons that causes both to be negatively charged. Find the minimum number \( n \) that would prevent the masses from colliding.**
Transcribed Image Text:**4. The gravitational force between two masses \( m_1 \) and \( m_2 \) located a distance \( r \) apart has a magnitude of** \[ F_G = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}, \] **where \( G = 6.674 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N} \cdot \text{m}^2/\text{kg}^2 \); this has a nearly identical form to the Coulomb force law between two charges (except the force constants are different and masses are always positive). Suppose two identical spherical masses with radius \( a = 30 \, \mu\text{m} \) and mass density \( \rho_m = 2.2 \times 10^3 \, \text{kg/m}^3 \) are located a distance \( L \) apart.** [Diagram: Two identical spheres with radius \( a \) separated by a distance \( L \).] **If they are released from rest, their gravitational attraction will cause them to eventually collide. If, however, each mass has the same charge, then a Coulomb force will oppose the gravitational force. Suppose each mass has an excess of \( n \) extra electrons that causes both to be negatively charged. Find the minimum number \( n \) that would prevent the masses from colliding.**
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