4. Lead-acid batteries are used in automobiles. The oxidation and reduction half-reactions are: Pb(s) + HSO4 → PbSO4(s) + H* + 2 e R PbO2(s) + 3 H* + HSO4 + 2 e → PBSO4(s) + 2 H2O(1) E° = +0.356 V E° = +1.685 V %3D a. Write out the complete balanced redox equation and calculate its standard potential (E°). Pb (6)+ Pb02(6)+ 2H+ (aq) +2HS04 (aq 2 Pb s04 (S) + Erell = 1,685--0-356 = 2.041 V 21,0() b. Write out the reaction quotient expression (Q) for this system. (Producks) Peactants) %3D (H+] CHSO4]² c. Calculate the actual voltage (E) generated by the battery at 100.0 °C when [H]= [HSO4] = 18.1 M E cell = €°cell - 2.30 327 1oga = 2.041-2.30ls.314)(393) Ecell= 2.227 v 20g 2.96485 (8.)?(18.D3 = 2.041- [0.037 log TO T07383-3 = 2,041+0,1861 d. If a higher (positive) voltage is desired, can this be accomplished by lowering the operational temperature? ... by adding water to dilute the H* and HSO4 species in the battery? Justify your answers.

4. Lead-acid batteries are used in automobiles. The oxidation and reduction half-reactions are: Pb(s) + HSO4 → PbSO4(s) + H* + 2 e R PbO2(s) + 3 H* + HSO4 + 2 e → PBSO4(s) + 2 H2O(1) E° = +0.356 V E° = +1.685 V %3D a. Write out the complete balanced redox equation and calculate its standard potential (E°). Pb (6)+ Pb02(6)+ 2H+ (aq) +2HS04 (aq 2 Pb s04 (S) + Erell = 1,685--0-356 = 2.041 V 21,0() b. Write out the reaction quotient expression (Q) for this system. (Producks) Peactants) %3D (H+] CHSO4]² c. Calculate the actual voltage (E) generated by the battery at 100.0 °C when [H]= [HSO4] = 18.1 M E cell = €°cell - 2.30 327 1oga = 2.041-2.30ls.314)(393) Ecell= 2.227 v 20g 2.96485 (8.)?(18.D3 = 2.041- [0.037 log TO T07383-3 = 2,041+0,1861 d. If a higher (positive) voltage is desired, can this be accomplished by lowering the operational temperature? ... by adding water to dilute the H* and HSO4 species in the battery? Justify your answers.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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