4. Consider two markets for the same good: markets 1 and 2. The demand for the good on these markets are: P₁ = 20 2Q₁ and p2=40-2Q2 The total cost of producing any output Q is c(Q) = 10 + 8Q where Q = 9₁ +92. (a) Suppose these two markets are completely separated but each is served by a per- fectly competitive industry. What will be the prices and outputs supplied to cach of the two markets?
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- 3. Suppose that each firm in a competitive industry has the following costs: Total Cost: TC = 50+ ¹/29² Marginal Cost: MC = q where q is an individual firm's quantity produced. The market demand curve for this product is Demand: QD = 120 - P where P is the price and Q is the total quantity of the good. Currently, there are 9 firms in the market. a) What is each firm's What is the equilibrium price and quantity for th In this equilibrium, how much does each firm produce? Calculate each firm's profit or loss. Do firms have an incentive to enter or exit? g) In the long run with free entry and exit, what is the equilibrium price and quantity in this market? h) In this long-run equilibrium, how much does each firm produce? How many firms are in the market? e) f)Please see the attached231.- A company that works in a perfectly competitive market has a total cost function: TC = Q3 - 36Q2 + 540Q + 600 The supply and demand functions in that market are: QS = 5P -500 Qd = 4,000 -10P b) Find what benefit you will get d) Represent graphically the market equilibrium and that of the company, including the closing point e) Locate the rectangle that represents profits on the company's equilibrium graph. Calculate your área considering the values taken by the base and the height. Validate that it reaches the same result (or very close) to the one obtained in part b).
- The tables (below) show the willingness to pay by three (competitive) consumers for additional units of some good, and the marginal costs of three (competitive) firms that produce that good. a) Compute the competitive equilibrium quantity and price for this market. Also, compute each consumer's surplus and each firm's profits. b) Now suppose that you have access to the same technology (and competitive input markets) as that of Firm 3. Entering the market (that is, launching a fourth firm) means a fixed (yes, sunk too) cost of $10. Would you decide to enter? (Entry has effects on the market, of course.) c) With the same data, suppose that all three firms merge. That is, now a single corporation controls (and decides on output for) all three firms (now, plants of one single firm). Obtain the output (or, equivalently, the price) that this monopolistic corporation will choose, and evaluate the consequences for the consumers (that is, the effect on the consumer surplus) and for the profits…Profit is the incentive that drives our market economy. Firms make production, pricing, andhiring decisions based on their quest for profit. But what happens when a firm discoversthat it can make dramatically higher profits by stopping production altogether? In December2000, due to wild swings in the market for electricity, Kaiser Aluminium faced just such adecision.Kaiser Aluminium had contracted with Bonneville power for all of its electricity needs andfound itself in the unique position of being an electricity consumer and, potentially, anelectricity reseller. By December 2000, Kaiser faced a difficult decision of continuing itscurrent aluminium production and profit levels, or closing the plant to dramatically increaseits profit by simply reselling its electricity.When making production decisions, firms must consider both their costs and revenues. Oneimportant concern for many firms is utility costs. In 1996, Kaiser Aluminium Corporation inSpokane, Washington, entered into a…1. Characteristics of competitive markets The model of competitive markets relies on these three core assumptions: 1. There must be many buyers and sellers-a few players can't dominate the market. 2. Firms must produce an identical product-buyers must regard all sellers' products as equivalent. 3. Firms and resources must be fully mobile, allowing free entry into and exit from the industry. The first two conditions imply that all consumers and firms are price takers. While the third is not necessary for price-taking behavior, assume for this problem that a market cannot maintain competition in the long run without free entry. Identify whether or not each of the following scenarios describes a competitive market, along with the correct explanation of why or why not. Scenario There are hundreds of colleges that serve millions of students each year. The colleges vary by location, size, and educational quality, which enables students with diverse preferences to find schools that match…
- 2. Suppose that a market consists of 650 idetical fims, all with the same cost curve: TC(q) = 325q² + 0.3. The market demand is given by Qd(p) = 50 – p (a) What is the equilibriun price and quantity? (b) What quantity must each firm produce and sell at equilibrium? (c) Do fims make positive profits in the market equilibrium? (d) Calculate consumers' surplus, producers' surplus and total surplus. (e) The government imposes a tax of 12 per unit of the product on the suppliers. What will be the new equilibrium price and quantity? (f) Do firms make positive profits at market equilibrium? (g) What will be the new consumes surplus, produces surplus and total surplus? (h) Calculate the value of the DWL imposed by the tax.1. A competitive industry is composed of 24 identical firms. Each firm has the following marginal cost of production in the short-run: MC = 58 +8Q. Each firm has the following Total Cost of production in the short-run: TC = 2 + 58Q +4Q². Demand for the product is given by the following demand curve: Qd = 1,211 - 2P. a. Explain why each firm will produce where market equilibrium price (Pe) equals the firm's marginal cost of production (MC). b. Derive an equation for the industry supply curve (i.e., Q₁ = .....). c. Find the market equilibrium price and quantity.. d. Are firms in this industry earning profit or losses in the short-run? (Hint: first compute how much output each firm produces). e. Compute the deadweight loss that would be produced if the government placed a $15 per unit tax on suppliers.. f. Who bore the greater burden of the tax, consumers or producers? Explain.Price or Cost(dollars per unit) Pc MR Later C2 MR B MC Demand QE QC QB QA Later ATC Demand Quantity (units per period) 3. Refer to the graph above. Identify each of the following market outcomes: a. Short-run equilibrium output in perfect competition. b. Long-run equilibrium output in perfect competition. c. Long-run equilibrium price in perfect competition. d. Long-run equilibrium output in monopoly. e. Long-run equilibrium output in monopolistic competition.
- Say the market demand coming from consumers is P = 40 - Q. Say firm 1 has total cost TC1 = Q1+ Q1^2, where Q1 is the Q for firm one, and similarly for firm 2 TC2 = 4Q2 + 0.5Q2^2. In each scenario below show your work and say what is total Q in market market price the Q of each firm and the profit of each firm: The scenarios are the firms compete as if in perfect competition the firms form a cartel the firms act as Cournot Duopolists.Generally, when preferences for a good rise, demand for the good rises. If a perfectly competitive market starts in long-run in the industry and equilibrium, holding all else constant, this will result in a higher market price, which will lead to the market. This causes price to None of these 3 possible answers listed here are correct. economic losses; attracts new firms into; fall economic losses; causes some firms to leave; rise further O positive economic profits; causes some firms to leave; rise further