3. Demand for a product called widgets is given by p= 200 - 2Y. Supply is given by p = Y/2 + 5, where Y is the quantity of widgets per month and p is the price of widgets. Assume a perfectly competitive industry. a) Graph the supply and demand curves, find the competitive market price and quantity of widgets and show them on the graph. (3) b) Suppose the production of widgets creates pollution damages of $5 per unit of widget produced. Find the economically efficient levels of price and quantity of widgets and show them on your graph. (3) c) Explain how a tax could be used to steer the competitive market outcome towards the economically efficient outcome. (3)

3. Demand for a product called widgets is given by p= 200 - 2Y. Supply is given by p = Y/2 + 5, where Y is the quantity of widgets per month and p is the price of widgets. Assume a perfectly competitive industry. a) Graph the supply and demand curves, find the competitive market price and quantity of widgets and show them on the graph. (3) b) Suppose the production of widgets creates pollution damages of $5 per unit of widget produced. Find the economically efficient levels of price and quantity of widgets and show them on your graph. (3) c) Explain how a tax could be used to steer the competitive market outcome towards the economically efficient outcome. (3)

Economics:

10th Edition

ISBN:9781285859460

Author:BOYES, William

Publisher:BOYES, William

Chapter24: Perfect Competition

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10E

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Exercise A.9 In a market only two firms produce a homogeneous good. You work on one of them and are tasked with drawing up the production strategy for the coming year. The two companies in the market have the same information and the objective of both is the maximization of their profit. You know: the inverse market demand curve of the good: P(Q)=200-2Q where Q = q₁ + q₂ , the function that represents the costs of your company and the rival company: C(qᵢ) = 20qᵢ (for i=1, 2), and the data in the following table, with the optimal decisions according to the different types of competition:C(qᵢ) = 20qᵢ and the data in the following table, with the optimal decisions according to the different types of competition: q1 q2 P Bertrand 45 45 20 Cournot 30 30 80 Collusion 22,5 22,5 110 a) What is more in your company's interest to compete or cooperate with the rival company? Keep in mind that explicit collusion agreements are illegal, so each…
3. The Buckaroo Company faces the following inverse demand curve for its patented product known as a "didgeridoo": P=190-Q Its total cost function is TC = 100 + 10q a. (3 points) Assume the firm charges its single profit-maximizing price. Draw a graph that illustrates the effect on efficiency. If there is a deadweight loss, show it on the graph and calculate its size. If there is no deadweight loss, explain why not. Show your work: No work no credit!
= = 41. Suppose that the market for cigarettes is initially in equilibrium and is perfectly competitive. The demand curve can be expressed as P 60Qd; the supply curve can be expressed as P 0.5Qs. Quantity is expressed in millions of boxes per month. What are the amount traded and the price for this market? a) Q = 40; P = 20 b) Q = 20; P = 40 c) Q = 30; P = 30 d) Q = 30; P = 15
Coke and Pepsi dominate the cola market. Suppose that the marginal cost of making cola is $2. Assume also that the demand for cola is given by the following table: Price $8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Quantity 5 cans 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 If there were a large number of producers, so that the cola market was competitive, how many bottles of cola would be sold? Type your answer...
A large share of the world supply of diamonds comes from Russia and South Africa. Suppose that the marginal cost of mining diamonds is constant at $1,000 per diamond, and the demand for diamonds is described by the following schedule: Price ($) Quantity (diamonds) 8000 5000 7000 6000 6000 7000 5000 8000 4000 9000 3000 10000 2000 11000 1000 12000 a) If there were many suppliers of diamonds, what would be the price and quantity? b) If there were only one supplier of diamonds, what would be the price and quantity? c) If Russia and South Africa formed a cartel, what would be the price and quantity? If the countries split the market evenly, what would be South Africa’s production and profit? What would happen to South Africa’s profit if it increased its production by 1,000 while Russia stuck to the cartel agreement? d) Use your answers to part (c) to explain why cartel agreements are often not successful.
Suppose that the market for black sweaters is a competitive market. The following graph shows the daily cost curves of a firm operating in this market. Hint: After placing the rectangle on the graph, you can select an endpoint to see the coordinates of that point. 50 45 Profit or Loss 40 35 30 ATC 25 20 15 10 AVC 5 0 PRICE (Dollars per sweater). MC 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 20 18 QUANTITY (Thousands of sweaters per day) In the short run, at a market price of $15 per sweater, this firm will choose to produce sweaters per day. On the preceding graph, use the blue rectangle (circle symbols) to shade the area representing the firm's profit or loss if the market price is $15 and the firm chooses to produce the quantity you already selected. Note: In the following question, enter a positive number, even if it represents a loss. The area of this rectangle indicates that the firm's would be $ thousand per day in the short run.
Exercise A.4 The demand in a market is given by Q = 10 – 0.1P. Production costs are given by C (Q) = 5Q2 + 10Q. Calculate market output, price, consumer surplus, and producer surplus in each of the following scenarios. Compare the economic efficiency in all three cases and represent graphically. (a) The market is supplied by a competitive industry. (b) The market is supplied by a monopoly. (c) The market is supplied by a monopoly that practices first-degree price discrimination.
Scenario Use the following information to answer questions 16-19. The graph below shows the market demand for computers in a small country. To develop a domestic computer industry, the government prohibits imports of computers and gives a single local firm the sole right to produce and sell computers (that is, it is a legal monopoly). The demand curve shows the local demand for computers. The cost curves show the marginal cost (MC) and average total cost (ATC) of the single producer. The graph also shows the marginal revenue (MR) curve faced by this firm. Price per computer (Dollars) $3500 $3000 $2500 $2000 $1500 $1000 $500 0 MR MC.. ATC Demand 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Quantity of computers (number per year)
A manufacturing business can supply 60 plasma TV sets per month at a price of $280 per set, or sell 140 plasma TV sets if the price is $370 per set. A group of retailers will buy 80 plasma TV’s if the price is $350 per pair and 120 plasma TV’s if the price is $300 per set. Given that the demand and supply functions must be linear: Find the linear equations representing both demand and supply Find the point of market equilibrium (number of TVs: q) and the price per unit (p) at that point.
Define economic efficiency. Is a firm economically inefficient if it can cut costs by producing less? Why?
Suppose that a local government is considering placing a tax on the rental of rooms on Airbnb. Before the tax, the total revenue earned by hosts using Airbnb was $10,000,000 per year. a) If the government imposes a 10% tax on these rooms, will they earn more or less than $1,000,000 in tax revenue if the market is assumed to be perfectly competitive? b) Will local residents who rent their homes (as tenants) benefit from this policy? (Use a diagram to explain) c) Does your answer to a) or b) change if there are a fixed (and small) number of rooms available to rent in the area?
a) Draw a graph with supply and demand curves that intersect and establish a market equilibrium price of $10 per unit and equilibrium market quantity of 100 units. Be sure to label your graph completely.