4. A population of newts contains 3 yellow newts, 4 spotted newts, 8 stripes newts, and 2 plain newts. What level of variation would this be, no variation, low variation, or high variation? Explain your answer.
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- 1. Explain how a phenotype can increase, decrease, or have no effect on an organisms fitness. 2. Explain what would happen if a particular hair color suddenly gave an advantage under existing environmental conditions. 3. What components in an environment may be different on either side of the barrier? 4. What does the term "reproductive isolation" refer to? 5. Can you hypothesize how three organisms can have similar structures, yet they serve different functions? 6. It would seem that wisdom teeth no longer serve a purpose. Can you propose what purpose they served earlier in our evolution? 7. Explain why the pharyngeal slit becomes the Eustachian tube in humans and a gill in fish.6a. Fill in the table below with the expected characteristics of r vs K selected species. r-selected species K-selected species Timing of maturation Longevity Parental care Number of offspring Size of offspring 6b. Based on your table, would a species that provides long-term parental care and has few offspring be considered an r-selected or K-selected species? What is an example of such a species? 6c. Why is long-term parental care associated with having few offspring during a reproductive episode?4. Table #1 contains statements that describe the events of finch migration through the Galapagos Islands. Sequence the statements to describe the correct order of finch migration. The finches increased in numbers and, under influence of natural selection, gradually became adapted to the local environment. Number the Statements in the Correct Sequence Some managed to fly back to the first island but reproductive isolation had occurred between them and the existing population. Originally, there were no finches on the islands. Some Some of the finches This process was managed to fly to a second island finches from the where the mainland managed environment was more of the islands. was different. to fly across to different. Adaptation to the them. new conditions repeated over and over again as the finches colonized Some finches managed to fly other islands where the environment Gradually they adapted to the conditions on the second island. 5. Describe speciation of the Galapagos Island…
- 5. Use the diagram below to answer the following questions regarding this population of cacti. Pay close attention to the details of the picture. 1. What is the change in the cactus' environment that occurred? b. Is there unequal reproductive success being shown in the picture? Why or how? Is one cactus better suited for its environment than the other? Why? d. Is natural selection occurring in this image? Why or why not? a. C. 2.Two populations of frogs are separated from each other by a large distance, however, a few male frogs make the journey each year to breed with females in the other population. Would you expect these populations to eventually become separate species? Why or why not? 6.1. Base on the graph below, why might the sex ratio of bird species in the figure change from as they grow from juveniles to adults? 0.5 0.5 40 50 30 40 30 20 20 10 10 0.30 0.36 0.42 0.48 0.54 0.60 Sex ratio 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Sex ratio (b) A) Nesting females are vulnerable to predatory attack. B) Males that are unable to mate die quickly. C) Females are less able to feed effectively as juveniles. D) More females are required to sustain the population. Frequency (a) Frequency I
- 1. Read the following hypothetical situation. Then answer the question. A female fly, full of fertilized eggs, is swept by high winds to an island far out to sea. She is the first fly to arrive on this island and the only fly to arrive in this way. Thousands of years later her numerous offspring occupy the island, but none of them resembles her. There are, instead, several species, each of which eats only a certain type of food. None of the species can fly and their balancing organs (halteres) are now used in courtship displays. The male members of each species bear modified halteres that are unique in appearance to their species. Females bear vestigial halteres. The ranges of all of the daughter species overlap. Fly species W, found in a certain part of the island, produces fertile offspring with species Y. Species W does not produce fertile offspring with species X or Z. If no other species can hybridize, then which of the following statements about species W and Y is/are true? I.…3. Read the following description. Then answer the question. On the Bahamian island of Andros, mosquitofish populations live in various, now-isolated freshwater ponds that were once united. Currently, some predator-rich ponds have mosquitofish that can swim in short, fast bursts; other predator-poor ponds have mosquitofish that can swim continuously for a long time. When placed together in the same body of water, the two kinds of female mosquitofish exhibit exclusive breeding preferences. What is the best way to promote fusion between two related populations of mosquitofish, one of which lives a predator-rich pond and the other of which lives in a predator-poor pond? Perform a reciprocal transfer of females between predator-rich and predator-poor ponds. O Transfer only female mosquitofish from a predator-rich pond to a predator-poor pond. O Build a canal linking the two ponds that permits free movement of mosquitofish but not of predators. Remove predators from a predator-rich pond and…1.A small group of turtles float on a log to an island and establish a new population there. How do you expect the genetic diversity of the island turtles to compare to genetic diversity of the mainland turtle population they originated from? Group of answer choices A. Genetic diversity should be similar, since they are the same species. B. Genetic diversity should be higher for the island turtles, because the new environment will produce new alleles. C. Genetic diversity should be lower for the island turtles, since the island turtles represent a small sample of the genetic diversity from the mainland turtles. 2.If the probability of a turtle having a brown shell is 3/4 and the probability of a turtle having a bumpy shell is 1/4, what is the probability of a turtle that has a shell that is both brown andbumpy? Group of answer choices A. 3/16 B. 3/8 C. 3/4 D. 1/2 3. A Drosophila gene is on the X chromosome, and recessive mutations in this gene cause white eye color…
- 1 of 15 > 8 10 11 12 13 14) 15 Question 1 The brown anole (Anolis sagrei) is a species of lizard native to Cuba that has been introduced into the southeastern United States. The range of brown anoles in the United States has been expanding, and they are now competing with native green anoles (Anolis carolinensis). Some of the characteristics of the green and brown anoles are shown in Table 1. TABLE 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO ANOLE SPECIES Submit Limb Lenth Toe Pad Size Anole Species Body Length Relative to Relative to Cold Tolerance Body Length Body Length A. sagrei 55-80 mm Long Intermediate 30-35°C (brown anole) A. carolinensis 45-85 mm Short Very large 25-30°C (green anole) A cladogram showing the relationships between some anole species is shown in Figure 1. A. carolinensis A. stratulus A. evermanni A. cristatellus A. gundlachi4. A biologist is using a simulation to model populations of African hornbills (Bycanistes spp. and Ceratogymna spp.), a keystone species of the savanna. Populations of the birds are declining due to habitat loss. The hornbill's diet consists primarily of termites and fruit. A critical component of termite digestion is chitin deacetylase, an enzyme whose mutation rate is a model parameter. The other model parameter is population size, N. In the results of the simulation study shown in these graphs, there is no selection, and the mutation rate is fixed. Although both population size and mutation rate are fixed, randomness results in the five different outcomes shown in each graph. Simulation to Model Populations of African Hornbills where N = 16 Chitin deacetylase allele frequency Chitin deacetylase allele frequency 0.5 0 Simulation to Model Populations of African Hornbills where N = 524,288 0 5 10 15 20 Number of generations 0 (a) 5 10 15 20 Number of generations (b) Part A: Select the…1. List 3 to 5 kinds of animals that belong to the same group that may differ in appearance. 2. Are they alike in structure? Explain. 3. Are they alike in functions? 4. Can they breed or mate with one another only? 5. Do they have common ancestry? 6. Define species based on the question given.