4) What is the relationship between the structures shown below? CH₂Br CH3 H and A) not isomers B) constitutional isomers C) conformational isomers D) configurational isomers E) enantiomers Br
4) What is the relationship between the structures shown below? CH₂Br CH3 H and A) not isomers B) constitutional isomers C) conformational isomers D) configurational isomers E) enantiomers Br
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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How do we distinguish between constitutional, configurational, conformational, and enantiomers?
- **Left Structure:** A cycloalkane ring with a bromomethylene (CH2Br) group and a hydrogen (H).
- **Right Structure:** The same cycloalkane ring with a bromomethyl (CH3Br) group.
**Options:**
A) not isomers
B) constitutional isomers
C) conformational isomers
D) configurational isomers
E) enantiomers
---
#### Understanding the Structures:
The diagram presents two molecular structures. Both structures share a similar cyclic backbone, resembling a cyclohexane derivative, but differ in their substituents:
1. **Left Structure:** Features a bromomethylene (CH2Br) group and a hydrogen (H) attached to the ring.
2. **Right Structure:** Features a methyl (CH3) group and a bromine (Br) atom attached to the ring.
#### Definitions:
- **Not Isomers:** The structures are not related as isomers.
- **Constitutional Isomers:** Compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of their atoms.
- **Conformational Isomers:** Compounds with the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ by rotation around a single bond.
- **Configurational Isomers:** Compounds with the same molecular formula and connectivity but cannot be interconverted by rotation around a single bond, including cis-trans isomers and those with chiral centers.
- **Enantiomers:** A type of configurational isomer that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
#### Explanation of the Graphs:
Both drawings represent three-dimensional forms of rings with various substituents attached.
- The **cycloalkane rings** are represented as hexagonal shapes, a common depiction in organic chemistry to denote cyclohexane and similar structures.
- The substituents are shown with “wedges” indicating the groups sticking out of the plane (either towards or away from the viewer) to provide a sense of three-dimensionality, crucial to understanding their stereochemical relationships.
---
This question assesses the student's understanding of isomeric relationships, emphasizing their ability to differentiate between various types of isomers based on structural differences.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F6c1cfd32-187f-4d51-82bd-eef6558d376f%2F1087f9f3-66a3-446e-9ee7-8d29d8e0234c%2Fh1it2s_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:### Isomer Relationship Question
---
**Question 4:** What is the relationship between the structures shown below?
- **Left Structure:** A cycloalkane ring with a bromomethylene (CH2Br) group and a hydrogen (H).
- **Right Structure:** The same cycloalkane ring with a bromomethyl (CH3Br) group.
**Options:**
A) not isomers
B) constitutional isomers
C) conformational isomers
D) configurational isomers
E) enantiomers
---
#### Understanding the Structures:
The diagram presents two molecular structures. Both structures share a similar cyclic backbone, resembling a cyclohexane derivative, but differ in their substituents:
1. **Left Structure:** Features a bromomethylene (CH2Br) group and a hydrogen (H) attached to the ring.
2. **Right Structure:** Features a methyl (CH3) group and a bromine (Br) atom attached to the ring.
#### Definitions:
- **Not Isomers:** The structures are not related as isomers.
- **Constitutional Isomers:** Compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of their atoms.
- **Conformational Isomers:** Compounds with the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ by rotation around a single bond.
- **Configurational Isomers:** Compounds with the same molecular formula and connectivity but cannot be interconverted by rotation around a single bond, including cis-trans isomers and those with chiral centers.
- **Enantiomers:** A type of configurational isomer that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
#### Explanation of the Graphs:
Both drawings represent three-dimensional forms of rings with various substituents attached.
- The **cycloalkane rings** are represented as hexagonal shapes, a common depiction in organic chemistry to denote cyclohexane and similar structures.
- The substituents are shown with “wedges” indicating the groups sticking out of the plane (either towards or away from the viewer) to provide a sense of three-dimensionality, crucial to understanding their stereochemical relationships.
---
This question assesses the student's understanding of isomeric relationships, emphasizing their ability to differentiate between various types of isomers based on structural differences.
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