[4] Use Gaussian elimination with back substitution to solve the linear system of equations 4x1 − X2 + X3 = 8 2x1 +5x₂ + 2x3 3 x₁ + 2x₂ + 4x3 = 11 =

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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Gaussian elim

**Gaussian Elimination and Back Substitution Method**

In this section, we will use Gaussian elimination followed by back substitution to solve the given linear system of equations:

\[
\begin{align*}
4x_1 - x_2 + x_3 &= 8 \\
2x_1 + 5x_2 + 2x_3 &= 3 \\
x_1 + 2x_2 + 4x_3 &= 11
\end{align*}
\]

Gaussian elimination is an algorithm for solving systems of linear equations. It transforms the system into an upper triangular matrix, making it easier to solve through back substitution. 

**Steps to Solve:**

1. **Gaussian Elimination:**
   - Convert the system of equations into an augmented matrix. 
   - Use row operations to get zeros below the leading coefficients (the first non-zero number from the left in each row) of each row.

2. **Back Substitution:**
   - Start with the last equation (in simplest form) and solve for the variables in reverse order (from last to first).

**Example Application:**

Apply the Gaussian elimination on the augmented matrix. Once the matrix has been reduced to an upper triangular form, use back substitution to find the values of \( x_1 \), \( x_2 \), and \( x_3 \).

By following these steps diligently, you will obtain the solution to the system, ultimately validating the precision of your results through back substitution.
Transcribed Image Text:**Gaussian Elimination and Back Substitution Method** In this section, we will use Gaussian elimination followed by back substitution to solve the given linear system of equations: \[ \begin{align*} 4x_1 - x_2 + x_3 &= 8 \\ 2x_1 + 5x_2 + 2x_3 &= 3 \\ x_1 + 2x_2 + 4x_3 &= 11 \end{align*} \] Gaussian elimination is an algorithm for solving systems of linear equations. It transforms the system into an upper triangular matrix, making it easier to solve through back substitution. **Steps to Solve:** 1. **Gaussian Elimination:** - Convert the system of equations into an augmented matrix. - Use row operations to get zeros below the leading coefficients (the first non-zero number from the left in each row) of each row. 2. **Back Substitution:** - Start with the last equation (in simplest form) and solve for the variables in reverse order (from last to first). **Example Application:** Apply the Gaussian elimination on the augmented matrix. Once the matrix has been reduced to an upper triangular form, use back substitution to find the values of \( x_1 \), \( x_2 \), and \( x_3 \). By following these steps diligently, you will obtain the solution to the system, ultimately validating the precision of your results through back substitution.
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