4 H. + .܀. + In this representation, each Y atom needs these electrons by forming There are molecule. The bonds in the product are The Lewis representation above depicts a reaction between hydrogen (blue) and a main-group element from group (red). H ... H:Y:H H unshared electron pair(s) and electron(s) to complete its octet, and gains bond(s) with atoms of H. bonding electron pair(s) in the product
Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
![The Lewis representation above depicts a reaction between hydrogen (blue) and a main-group element from group VI A (red).
**Reaction:**
- **Reactants:** 4 Hydrogen (H) atoms and 1 Y atom
- **Product:** A molecule with the formula \[ \text{H} - \text{Y} - \text{H} \]
\[ \text{H} \]
|
Y
|
\[ \text{H} \]
**Description of the Reaction:**
- Each Y atom needs 2 electrons to complete its octet and gains these electrons by forming 2 bonds with atoms of H.
- There are 2 unshared electron pair(s) and 2 bonding electron pair(s) in the product molecule.
- The bonds in the product are single bonds.
**Instructions for Completing the Exercise:**
- Input the number of electrons needed by each Y atom.
- Determine the type of bonds formed in the product.
- Submit your answers and retry if needed. There are 8 more group attempts remaining.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fd18357a3-9be3-4161-ba82-e923a450f483%2F6201ab31-cc09-4ea4-a8fe-692eed44e549%2Fk8fr3om_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
![**Transcription for Educational Website**
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**Covalent Bonding Activity**
The Lewis representation above depicts a reaction between hydrogen (shown in blue) and a main-group element from group (shown in red).
In this representation:
- Each Y atom needs [dropdown] electron(s) to complete its octet, and gains these electrons by forming [dropdown] bond(s) with atoms of H.
- There are [dropdown] unshared electron pair(s) and [dropdown] bonding electron pair(s) in the product molecule.
- The bonds in the product are [dropdown].
Options in dropdown menus include: 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A.
Buttons available:
- Submit Answer
- Retry Entire Group
Note: 8 more group attempts remaining.
The diagram illustrates the process of covalent bonding between multiple hydrogen atoms and another element, utilizing Lewis structure representations to show electron sharing.
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