4) Determine the maximum angle a uniform ladder can make with a wall without slipping if its coefficients of static friction with the ground and the wall are 0.4 and 0.3, respectively (see Figure 4).

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#### Problem Statement

**Determine the maximum angle a uniform ladder can make with a wall without slipping if its coefficients of static friction with the ground and the wall are 0.4 and 0.3, respectively (see Figure 4).**

### Explanation

This problem involves calculating the maximum angle at which a ladder can be positioned against a wall without slipping, based on the given coefficients of static friction. The static friction coefficients provided are essential for determining the point at which the ladder will begin to slip due to the forces acting on it.

- **Coefficient of static friction with the ground (μ_ground):** 0.4
- **Coefficient of static friction with the wall (μ_wall):** 0.3

### Figure 4

(Description of Figure 4, if necessary)

Figure 4 would typically illustrate a ladder leaning against a wall, depicting the forces acting on the ladder, including the normal force, gravitational force, and frictional forces. This diagram helps visualize the angles and relationships between different forces that are vital in solving for the maximum allowable angle.

### Steps for Solution

1. **Identify Forces Acting on the Ladder**
    - Gravitational force (weight) acting downwards.
    - Normal force from the ground acting perpendicular to the ground.
    - Normal force from the wall acting perpendicular to the wall.
    - Frictional force at the base of the ladder counteracting slipping.
    - Frictional force at the top of the ladder counteracting slipping.

2. **Equations of Equilibrium**
    - Sum of horizontal forces must equal zero.
    - Sum of vertical forces must equal zero.
    - Sum of moments about any point (typically the base of the ladder) must equal zero.

3. **Calculate the Maximum Angle**
    - Derive the expressions involving these forces and solve for the maximum angle at which the ladder does not slip.

### Conclusion

By following these steps and using the provided coefficients of static friction, you can determine the maximum angle at which the ladder can safely lean against the wall without the risk of slipping.
Transcribed Image Text:#### Problem Statement **Determine the maximum angle a uniform ladder can make with a wall without slipping if its coefficients of static friction with the ground and the wall are 0.4 and 0.3, respectively (see Figure 4).** ### Explanation This problem involves calculating the maximum angle at which a ladder can be positioned against a wall without slipping, based on the given coefficients of static friction. The static friction coefficients provided are essential for determining the point at which the ladder will begin to slip due to the forces acting on it. - **Coefficient of static friction with the ground (μ_ground):** 0.4 - **Coefficient of static friction with the wall (μ_wall):** 0.3 ### Figure 4 (Description of Figure 4, if necessary) Figure 4 would typically illustrate a ladder leaning against a wall, depicting the forces acting on the ladder, including the normal force, gravitational force, and frictional forces. This diagram helps visualize the angles and relationships between different forces that are vital in solving for the maximum allowable angle. ### Steps for Solution 1. **Identify Forces Acting on the Ladder** - Gravitational force (weight) acting downwards. - Normal force from the ground acting perpendicular to the ground. - Normal force from the wall acting perpendicular to the wall. - Frictional force at the base of the ladder counteracting slipping. - Frictional force at the top of the ladder counteracting slipping. 2. **Equations of Equilibrium** - Sum of horizontal forces must equal zero. - Sum of vertical forces must equal zero. - Sum of moments about any point (typically the base of the ladder) must equal zero. 3. **Calculate the Maximum Angle** - Derive the expressions involving these forces and solve for the maximum angle at which the ladder does not slip. ### Conclusion By following these steps and using the provided coefficients of static friction, you can determine the maximum angle at which the ladder can safely lean against the wall without the risk of slipping.
**Fig 4: Understanding Frictional Forces in an Inclined Plane**

The diagram represents an inclined plane with an angle \( \theta \). The plane's surface has two different coefficients of static friction (\( \mu_s \)) at different points:

- \( \mu_s = 0.4 \): The coefficient of static friction at the base of the inclined plane.
- \( \mu_s' = 0.3 \): The coefficient of static friction along the inclined face.

These coefficients indicate the resistance to the initiation of sliding motion between the surfaces in contact. The frictional force is dependent on these coefficients and the normal force. The angle \( \theta \) represents the incline's angle with the horizontal surface.

This figure illustrates how varying frictional forces can affect the behavior of objects on inclined planes, crucial for understanding mechanics in physics.
Transcribed Image Text:**Fig 4: Understanding Frictional Forces in an Inclined Plane** The diagram represents an inclined plane with an angle \( \theta \). The plane's surface has two different coefficients of static friction (\( \mu_s \)) at different points: - \( \mu_s = 0.4 \): The coefficient of static friction at the base of the inclined plane. - \( \mu_s' = 0.3 \): The coefficient of static friction along the inclined face. These coefficients indicate the resistance to the initiation of sliding motion between the surfaces in contact. The frictional force is dependent on these coefficients and the normal force. The angle \( \theta \) represents the incline's angle with the horizontal surface. This figure illustrates how varying frictional forces can affect the behavior of objects on inclined planes, crucial for understanding mechanics in physics.
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