3. You want to characterize the effects of four upstream regulatory elements on the expression of a bacterial gene. You collected data from four strains of bacteria by measuring gene expression. Based on the genome sequences of the strains, you know what combination of regulatory elements appear in each strain. The data are summarized in the following table (25 pts). element 1 element 2 element 3 element 4 expression yes no yes no 0.63 yes yes no no 1.25 yes yes yes yes 2.78 yes no no yes 1.44 Assuming that each regulatory element acts independently, write a system of linear equations that describes how the gene's expression depends on the presence or absence of the regulatory elements. Let the unknown variables x1, x2, x3, and x4 represent the contribution each regulatory element makes toward gene expression. Solve your linear system to find the contributions of each element.

3. You want to characterize the effects of four upstream regulatory elements on the expression of a bacterial gene. You collected data from four strains of bacteria by measuring gene expression. Based on the genome sequences of the strains, you know what combination of regulatory elements appear in each strain. The data are summarized in the following table (25 pts). element 1 element 2 element 3 element 4 expression yes no yes no 0.63 yes yes no no 1.25 yes yes yes yes 2.78 yes no no yes 1.44 Assuming that each regulatory element acts independently, write a system of linear equations that describes how the gene's expression depends on the presence or absence of the regulatory elements. Let the unknown variables x1, x2, x3, and x4 represent the contribution each regulatory element makes toward gene expression. Solve your linear system to find the contributions of each element.

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter10: Control Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4CT: The photos above show flowers from Arabidopsis plants. One plant is wild-type (unmutated); the other...

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4e. You also study the expression of 3 different mutants for this gene. For each mutant answer the following: Does this mutation change the sequence of the protein produced? Why or why not? If it does change the sequence of protein be sure to write out the new sequence. If it does not change the protein sequence, what effect (if any) would you expect it to have on expression of the gene? 1 20 ORI 40 60 5'..TTCGAGCTCTCGTCGTCGAGATACGCGATGATATTACTGGTAATATGGGGATGCACTATC...3’ 3'...AAGCTCGAGAGCAGCAGCTCTATGCGCTACTATAATGACCATTATACCCCTACGTGATAG...5’ promoter i. Mutant A has a single base pair substitution with the T/A being replaced with C/G base pair at position 35 (position denoted by the * in the sequence above). ii. Mutant B has a 2 G/C pairs inserted between position 19 and 20 (position denoted by the ^ in the sequence above).
1. Using the data available describe the phenotype that you observe when each of these three genes is knocked down using RNAi. Remember to compare the worms on control RNAi plates with worms on each of the RNAi knockdown plates. In each case state how do these phenotypes relate to the function of the gene. （gene name for F27C1.8 is dpy-5，for T19E7.2 is skn-1） 2. Describe further experiments that you could do that would confirm your findings.
7. The diagram below represents the full mRNA transcribed from the trp operon under conditions of low tryptophan. Grey blocks indicate protein coding sequences. Annotate the diagram by indicating the expected positions of the elements listed below, add more detail to the diagram if required to allow you to accurately annotate it. Use only the letters A - H (e.g. "A" for structural genes). Where a label refers to a region, you must use a bracket to indicate the extent of the region in conjunction with the specific letter. A. Structural genes B. Leader peptide C. Two adjacent trp codons D. 5' UTR and 3' UTR E. Ribosome binding site F. Site of potential transcription termination from attenuation G. Regions with sequence complementarity H. Stretch of Us 5' EDC BA 3'
12a. In what condition is the LacZ gene transcribed? ANSWER (in one sentence) 12b. Fill in the following table about the Lac operon (LacZ gene) Environmental Condition + Glucose and + Lactose Glucose and + Lactose - Glucose and - Lactose + Glucose and - Lactose Q 2 Body" W #3 E D Which proteins bind to the LacZ promoter? ANSWER ANSWER ANSWER ANSWER $ 4 A R F B % 5 I T MacBook Pro A U 6 G Y & 7 H Is LacZ transcribed? (Yes or No) ANSWER ANSWER ANSWER ANSWER |||| U 8 K
Four terms and statements related to gene regulation in bacteria are listed below. Match the correct term to each of the four statements: Regulatory molecule that binds to operator region in DNA. 1. repressor Regulatory molecule that must be present at a site in DNA (such as promoter) so that transcription occurs. 2. Constitutive 3. Effector Small molecules that bind to regulatory molecule, such as repressor. 4. Activator Phenotype of I+ oCz*
1. Using the data available Using the data available on Moodle describe the phenotype that you observe when each of these three genes is knocked down using RNAi. Remember to compare the worms on control RNAi plates with worms on each of the RNAi knockdown plates. In each case state how do these phenotypes relate to the function of the gene. describe the phenotype that you observe when each of these three genes is knocked down using RNAi. Remember to compare the worms on control RNAi plates with worms on each of the RNAi knockdown plates. In each case state how do these phenotypes relate to the function of the gene. 2. Describe further experiments that you could do that would confirm your findings.
Which of the following is characteristic of genes and gene regulation in both bacteria and eukaryotes? (a) promoters (b) non-coding DNA within coding sequences (c) enhancers (d) operons (e) DNA located in a nucleus
The photos above show flowers from Arabidopsis plants. One plant is wild-type (unmutated); the other carries a mutation in one of its ABC floral identity genes. This mutation causes sepals and petals to form instead of stamens and carpels. Refer to Figure 10.8 to decide which gene (A, B, or C) has been inactivated by the mutation.
1. A monogenic disease is a disease caused by a mutation in a single gene. For instance, sickle-cell anemia is caused by a mutation in the HBB gene, which codes for the B- globin chain of hemoglobin. The beginning of HBB is shown here: 5'-ATGGTGCACCTGACTCCTGAGGAGAAGTCTGCCGTTACT...-3' A. Translate this HBB sequence into an amino acid sequence. B. In terms of amino acids, what is the result of the sickle cell mutation, wherein the bolded red A is changed to a T? This single mutation causes hemoglobin to aggregate, causing red blood cells to deform into a sickle-like shape rather than the normal “biconcave disk" shape. C. What would happen if the bolded blue A were mutated to at T? (This is hypothetical; it's not a mutation found in sickle-cell disease.)
Which of the following best explains why a neuron and a pancreatic cell isolated from the same individual contain different sets of proteins? O Each cell type contains different regulatory proteins and, therefore, they express different proteins. O Each cell type needs different proteins and, therefore, they break down proteins they don't need. O The set of genes in each cell type are different, therefore, they express different proteins. O The genes in each cell type have different promoters and, therefore, they respond to different regulatory proteins.
12. You want to determine the location of the promoter and operator for an operon. To do so, you create the following deletions and assay their phenotype. The thin lines indicate the deleted region. expression d1 inducible inducible d2 d3 constitutive d4 none d5 none d6 inducible Which of the following can you conclude from this data? a. Part of the promoter is within deletion 1 b. Part of the operator is within deletion 3 c. The promoter and the operator are very close to each other d. Both b and c e. Both a and b
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