3. The Sun produces 9.5 x 10 He atoms every second. Calculate the amount of energy produced by the Sun each second. 4. A hydrogen bomb releases 1 x10¹7 joules. How many bomb explosions are equal to the Sun's energy output each second? 5. There are a variety of nucleosynthesis reactions that form the heavy elements inside of stars. Below are two potential methods of forming carbon: (A) (B) He He + H+H+H+H ---> C Calculate the mass defect of each reaction. If you forgot how, see #1. a) (A) m = (B) m = H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H ---> C b) Which reaction produces more energy? c) Based on this example, do lighter or heavier elements produce more energy per fusion reaction? 6. a) Calculate the mass defect of this reaction: He + He + He ---> C m = b) What is unusual about it? c) Does this reaction release or absorb energy? d) Would fusion proceed for this reaction?

Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
icon
Related questions
Question
Please answer 3-6 only
3. The Sun produces 9.5 x 10²8 He atoms every second. Calculate the amount of
energy produced by
the Sun each second.
4. A hydrogen bomb releases 1 x10¹7 joules. How many bomb explosions are
equal to the Sun's
energy output each second?
5. There are a variety of nucleosynthesis reactions that form the heavy elements
inside of stars.
Below are two potential methods of forming carbon:
(A)
(B) He + He + H+ H+ H+H ---> C
Calculate the mass defect of each reaction. If you forgot how, see #1.
a) (A) m =
(B) m =
b) Which reaction produces more energy?
c) Based on this example, do lighter or heavier elements produce more energy
per fusion reaction?
H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H --> C
6. a) Calculate the mass defect of this reaction:
He + He + He ---> C
m =
b) What is unusual about it?
c) Does this reaction release or absorb energy?
d) Would fusion proceed for this reaction?
Transcribed Image Text:3. The Sun produces 9.5 x 10²8 He atoms every second. Calculate the amount of energy produced by the Sun each second. 4. A hydrogen bomb releases 1 x10¹7 joules. How many bomb explosions are equal to the Sun's energy output each second? 5. There are a variety of nucleosynthesis reactions that form the heavy elements inside of stars. Below are two potential methods of forming carbon: (A) (B) He + He + H+ H+ H+H ---> C Calculate the mass defect of each reaction. If you forgot how, see #1. a) (A) m = (B) m = b) Which reaction produces more energy? c) Based on this example, do lighter or heavier elements produce more energy per fusion reaction? H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H --> C 6. a) Calculate the mass defect of this reaction: He + He + He ---> C m = b) What is unusual about it? c) Does this reaction release or absorb energy? d) Would fusion proceed for this reaction?
Introduction: Nuclear fusion is a process by which atoms of low mass elements are
combined to make new elements under conditions of very high temperatures and
pressures. This yields a large amount of energy, due to a process by which mass is
converted to energy. In this exercise you will explore two fusion pathways that
actually occur in stars.
Atomic masses:
amu
H 1.0079 amu
1. Four atoms of hydrogen combine to make one atom of helium:
H + H + H+H ---> He
a)
b) Mult
c) What is
d) Subtract c
is the exact atomic mass of one H?
this (part a) by 4:
exact atomic mass of one He?
b:
He= 4.0026 amu
This answer (part d) own as the mass defect.
nuclear fusion
process.
2. Einstein's equation of Energy-Mass
where E is energy (in joules),
C = 12.011
decomes energy during the
valence is: E = mc²
(in kg), and
c is the speed of light, which 3 x 10
The mass of 1 amu= 66 x 10-27 kg
You will now calcula the energy released by the fusion ocess that creates
one He atom.
a) Change t mass defect of the H ---> He reaction (from #1. part) from
amu into ka
your work:
b) Multiply your answer in kg (part a) by c². The unit for your answer is joules.
This gives the
amount of energy produced for one He atom.
Transcribed Image Text:Introduction: Nuclear fusion is a process by which atoms of low mass elements are combined to make new elements under conditions of very high temperatures and pressures. This yields a large amount of energy, due to a process by which mass is converted to energy. In this exercise you will explore two fusion pathways that actually occur in stars. Atomic masses: amu H 1.0079 amu 1. Four atoms of hydrogen combine to make one atom of helium: H + H + H+H ---> He a) b) Mult c) What is d) Subtract c is the exact atomic mass of one H? this (part a) by 4: exact atomic mass of one He? b: He= 4.0026 amu This answer (part d) own as the mass defect. nuclear fusion process. 2. Einstein's equation of Energy-Mass where E is energy (in joules), C = 12.011 decomes energy during the valence is: E = mc² (in kg), and c is the speed of light, which 3 x 10 The mass of 1 amu= 66 x 10-27 kg You will now calcula the energy released by the fusion ocess that creates one He atom. a) Change t mass defect of the H ---> He reaction (from #1. part) from amu into ka your work: b) Multiply your answer in kg (part a) by c². The unit for your answer is joules. This gives the amount of energy produced for one He atom.
Expert Solution
trending now

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

steps

Step by step

Solved in 5 steps

Blurred answer
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305957404
Author:
Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781259911156
Author:
Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby Professor
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305577213
Author:
Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:
9780078021558
Author:
Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781305079373
Author:
William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind…
Chemistry
ISBN:
9781118431221
Author:
Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. Bullard
Publisher:
WILEY