Please answer 3-6 only 3. The Sun produces 9.5 x 10²8 He atoms every second. Calculate the amount ofenergy produced bythe Sun each second.4. A hydrogen bomb releases 1 x10¹7 joules. How many bomb explosions areequal to the Sun'senergy output each second?5. There are a variety of nucleosynthesis reactions that form the heavy elementsinside of stars.Below are two potential methods of forming carbon:(A)(B) He + He + H+ H+ H+H ---> CCalculate the mass defect of each reaction. If you forgot how, see #1.a) (A) m =(B) m =b) Which reaction produces more energy?c) Based on this example, do lighter or heavier elements produce more energyper fusion reaction?H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H --> C6. a) Calculate the mass defect of this reaction:He + He + He ---> Cm =b) What is unusual about it?c) Does this reaction release or absorb energy?d) Would fusion proceed for this reaction? Introduction: Nuclear fusion is a process by which atoms of low mass elements arecombined to make new elements under conditions of very high temperatures andpressures. This yields a large amount of energy, due to a process by which mass isconverted to energy. In this exercise you will explore two fusion pathways thatactually occur in stars.Atomic masses:amuH 1.0079 amu1. Four atoms of hydrogen combine to make one atom of helium:H + H + H+H ---> Hea)b) Multc) What isd) Subtract cis the exact atomic mass of one H?this (part a) by 4:exact atomic mass of one He?b:He= 4.0026 amuThis answer (part d) own as the mass defect.nuclear fusionprocess.2. Einstein's equation of Energy-Masswhere E is energy (in joules),C = 12.011decomes energy during thevalence is: E = mc²(in kg), andc is the speed of light, which 3 x 10The mass of 1 amu= 66 x 10-27 kgYou will now calcula the energy released by the fusion ocess that createsone He atom.a) Change t mass defect of the H ---> He reaction (from #1. part) fromamu into kayour work:b) Multiply your answer in kg (part a) by c². The unit for your answer is joules.This gives theamount of energy produced for one He atom.

Given data is Atomic mass of H is 1.0079 amu He is 4.0026 amu C is 12.011 amu 1 amu = 1.66 x…

3. The Sun produces 9.5 x 10 He atoms every second. Calculate the amount of energy produced by the Sun each second. 4. A hydrogen bomb releases 1 x10¹7 joules. How many bomb explosions are equal to the Sun's energy output each second? 5. There are a variety of nucleosynthesis reactions that form the heavy elements inside of stars. Below are two potential methods of forming carbon: (A) (B) He He + H+H+H+H ---> C Calculate the mass defect of each reaction. If you forgot how, see #1. a) (A) m = (B) m = H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H ---> C b) Which reaction produces more energy? c) Based on this example, do lighter or heavier elements produce more energy per fusion reaction? 6. a) Calculate the mass defect of this reaction: He + He + He ---> C m = b) What is unusual about it? c) Does this reaction release or absorb energy? d) Would fusion proceed for this reaction?

3. The Sun produces 9.5 x 10 He atoms every second. Calculate the amount of energy produced by the Sun each second. 4. A hydrogen bomb releases 1 x10¹7 joules. How many bomb explosions are equal to the Sun's energy output each second? 5. There are a variety of nucleosynthesis reactions that form the heavy elements inside of stars. Below are two potential methods of forming carbon: (A) (B) He He + H+H+H+H ---> C Calculate the mass defect of each reaction. If you forgot how, see #1. a) (A) m = (B) m = H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H+H ---> C b) Which reaction produces more energy? c) Based on this example, do lighter or heavier elements produce more energy per fusion reaction? 6. a) Calculate the mass defect of this reaction: He + He + He ---> C m = b) What is unusual about it? c) Does this reaction release or absorb energy? d) Would fusion proceed for this reaction?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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