3. The heat of reaction for Equation 1 is equal to the heat of formation of solid magnesium oxide. a. Look up the heat of formation of magnesium oxide in your textbook or a chemical reference source. b. Calculate the percent error in your experimental determination of the heat of reaction for Equation 1. Show Calculation

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3. The heat of reaction for Equation 1 is equal to the heat of formation of solid magnesium
oxide.
a. Look up the heat of formation of magnesium oxide in your textbook or a chemical
reference source.
b. Calculate the percent error in your experimental determination of the heat of reaction
for Equation 1. Show Calculation
Transcribed Image Text:3. The heat of reaction for Equation 1 is equal to the heat of formation of solid magnesium oxide. a. Look up the heat of formation of magnesium oxide in your textbook or a chemical reference source. b. Calculate the percent error in your experimental determination of the heat of reaction for Equation 1. Show Calculation
• Hess's Law
• Calorimetry
Background
Magnesium reacts with oxygen in air to form magnesium oxide, according to Equation 1.
Mg(s) + 20,(g)
→ MgO(s) + heat
Equation 1
As mentioned above, a great deal of heat and light are produced-the temperature of the
flame can reach as high as 2400 °C. The amount of heat energy produced in this reaction
cannot be measured directly in the high school lab. It is possible, however, to determine the
amount of heat produced by an indirect method, using Hess's Law.
The heat or enthalpy change for a chemical reaction is called the heat of reaction (AH).
The enthalpy change-defined as the difference in enthalpy between the products and
reactants-is equal to the am
depend on how the transformation occurs. This definition of enthalpy makes it possible to
determine the heats of reaction for reactions that cannot be measured directly. According to
Hess's Law, if the same overall reaction is achieved in a series of steps, rather than in one
step, the enthalpy change for the overall reaction is equal to the sum of the enthalpy
changes for each step in the reaction series. There are two basic rules for calculating the
enthalpy change for a reaction using Hess's Law.
unt of heat transferred at constant pressure and does not
Equations can be "multiplied" by multiplying each stoichiometric coefficient in the bal-
anced chemical equation by the same factor. The heat of reaction (AH) is proportional to
the amount of reactant. Thus, if an equation is multiplied by a factor of two to increase
the number of moles of product produced, then the heat of reaction must also be multi-
plied by a factor of two.
Equations can be "subtracted" by reversing the reactants and products in the balanced
C
Transcribed Image Text:• Hess's Law • Calorimetry Background Magnesium reacts with oxygen in air to form magnesium oxide, according to Equation 1. Mg(s) + 20,(g) → MgO(s) + heat Equation 1 As mentioned above, a great deal of heat and light are produced-the temperature of the flame can reach as high as 2400 °C. The amount of heat energy produced in this reaction cannot be measured directly in the high school lab. It is possible, however, to determine the amount of heat produced by an indirect method, using Hess's Law. The heat or enthalpy change for a chemical reaction is called the heat of reaction (AH). The enthalpy change-defined as the difference in enthalpy between the products and reactants-is equal to the am depend on how the transformation occurs. This definition of enthalpy makes it possible to determine the heats of reaction for reactions that cannot be measured directly. According to Hess's Law, if the same overall reaction is achieved in a series of steps, rather than in one step, the enthalpy change for the overall reaction is equal to the sum of the enthalpy changes for each step in the reaction series. There are two basic rules for calculating the enthalpy change for a reaction using Hess's Law. unt of heat transferred at constant pressure and does not Equations can be "multiplied" by multiplying each stoichiometric coefficient in the bal- anced chemical equation by the same factor. The heat of reaction (AH) is proportional to the amount of reactant. Thus, if an equation is multiplied by a factor of two to increase the number of moles of product produced, then the heat of reaction must also be multi- plied by a factor of two. Equations can be "subtracted" by reversing the reactants and products in the balanced C
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