3. The compound 5-hydroxymethyl furfural forms while heating or cooking sugar-containing foods. དང།།སྤུ་ -OH OH 5 hydroxymethyl furfural a. Draw arrow-pushing mechanism for the dehydration of fructose under acidic conditions (use H-A). b. What is the driving force for this reaction?
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- 2. The following diagram shows the straight-chain structure of an N-acetyl aminoheptose that is found in certain plants including avocado (Persea Americana). CHOH CH2OH CH,OH O: O: HO- но -HO- HO H но -HO- H- NHAC NHAC ACHN OH HN H- HO- HO CH2OH CHOH CH20H HO HO. Structure B Structure C Structure A OH OH CHOH CH2OH CH OH HO H HO H HO- H OH HO- HO H- -NHAC ACHN- ACHN HO- H OH HO ČHOH CH2OH CH2OH Structure D Structure E Structure F Which of the Fischer projections (A-F) matches the skeletal formula shown? Structure A Structure B Structure C Structure D Structure E O Structure F (1 mark) 王 HI1. Simple sugars are defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes/ketones. All carbons except one have an OH group. The remaining carbon has a double bond to oxygen, making it an aldehyde or ketone. For example, the Fisher projection of glucose looks like this: C H- H- -ОН НО -ОН -HO- CH2OH Because a simple sugar has both a carbonyl carbon and built-in nucleophiles, a reaction can occur within the molecule itself to create the hemi-acetal form of the sugar. Propose a mechanism for this reaction when it occurs in an aqueous solution. C -- CH2OH он в CH2OH HO- H H НО H. ОН Н and ОН Н HO- он Он а OH H H- ОН OH H ОН ČH2OHanswer #5
- Identify the following features of this phospholipid: a.) Is the phospholipid formed from glycerol or sphingosine? b.) What is the fatty acid? c.) What type of bond connects the fatty acid? d.) What is the amino alcohol?Match each molecule/ functional group below to its most distinguishing feature. + wax A. COOH B. four fused ring structures * triacylglycerol C. polar head + two non polar tails + fatty acid D. glycerol + 3 fatty acids + ester Е. С-ОН + alcohol F. long chain carbon + alcohol + steroid G. * glycerophospholipid || — С-0- + carboxylic acid H. long chain carbon ending in COOH14) A wax is an ester formed from a long-chain carboxylic acid and a long-chain alcohol. Show how a wax can be made by using CH3(CH2)15OH as the only organic starting material. CH3(CH₂)15OH 1. H₂CRO4 2. SOCI₂ 3. CH3(CH₂)15OH
- 4. What is one chemical test that can distinguish between 2-hexanone and glucose? Indicate the compound that will have a positive result to the test, if there is. 5. What is one chemical test that can distinguish between 1-hexanol and 3-methyl-3-pentanol? Indicate the compound that will have a positive result to the test, if there is. 6. What is one chemical test that can distinguish between 1-naphthol and 1-hexanol? Indicate the compound that will have a positive result to the test, if there is.2. Sucrose is a disaccharide formed from the condensation of glucose and fructose sugars. Draw the structure of sucrose that results from the condensation reaction between the indicated -OH groups. CH2OH 1, CH,OH он 1. OH но CH,OH OH HO H он OH4. Unsaturated fatty acids are fatty acids that contain one or more double bonds. Double bonds can form by dehydration reaction as demonstrated below. Propose a one-step mechanism for an enzymatic dehydration reaction using histidine and aspartic acid side chains. H OH O ACP `ACP
- Medical Art X O Dashboard 10 Chem101 pp.101edu.co Question 19 of 24 Disaccharides are described by the position of the anomeric carbon and the numbering of the atoms involved in the glycosidic bond. Identify the type of linkage present in this maltose disaccharide. A) a-1,2 CH,OH CH,OH B) a-1,4 OH OH C) a-1,6 OH OH OH D) B-1,2 OH E) B-1,4 10:50 PM e here to search G %23 11/1/202 PrtSc Insert Delete F4 F10 F11 F12 F3 FS F6 F8 F9 #3 3 & Backspa %3D 2 4. 5 6 T Y U 11 Al H. K CG FL DI S1- The following compounds have similar molecular weights. Which has the highest boiling point? A) CH3CH=O В) С.Н,ОН C) CH3OCH3 D) CH:CH:CHз 2- Which of the following is not an electrophile? A) C2HsOC2Hs В) BF; C) [CH3]3Ce) D) HỌC 3- What is a group of atoms bonded to a carbon of an organic compound called? A group of atoms bonded to a carbon of an organic compound is called a functional group. There are a variety of functional groups such as hydroxy (-OH), carboxyl (CO0-), and amine (NH22). 4- Give any branch of chemistry that is widely studied? Chemistry is the study of matter - anything that has mass and volume. This central science looks into the physical and chemical properties of matter and how these properties are connected to the structure of matter in an atomic or molecular level. The changes involved in matter are also looked at be it physical change or chemical change. 5- What are the physical properties of organic compounds? Organic compounds are known as the compounds…a) Which structures are Enantiomers? b) Which structures are Diastereomers? c) Which structures are meso compounds? Use the letters only for your answers. А. В. H H CI H H Cl C. H H D. H Cl ČI Cl CI H