3. Rank the following compounds in decreasing order of boiling point. ННННН н-с-с ннннн к н н-с-с-с-с-н . . к н H н нннн . . H-C-C C C-0-H I . нннн книн H-c-c-C-C-N-H к н НН Н IV
3. Rank the following compounds in decreasing order of boiling point. ННННН н-с-с ннннн к н н-с-с-с-с-н . . к н H н нннн . . H-C-C C C-0-H I . нннн книн H-c-c-C-C-N-H к н НН Н IV
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Question 3:**
Rank the following compounds in decreasing order of boiling point.
**Compounds:**
- **I**: A linear hydrocarbon chain with five carbon atoms, fully hydrogenated (pentane).
- **II**: A linear molecule with four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom replacing a hydrogen (butanol).
- **III**: A cyclic structure with five carbon atoms and fully hydrogenated (cyclopentane).
- **IV**: A linear molecule with four carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom replacing a hydrogen (butylamine).
**Explanation:**
- **Compound I (Pentane):** A straight-chain alkane. It exhibits only van der Waals forces.
- **Compound II (Butanol):** Contains an -OH group allowing for hydrogen bonding, leading to higher boiling point.
- **Compound III (Cyclopentane):** A cyclic alkane, slightly higher boiling point than its linear counterparts due to ring strain.
- **Compound IV (Butylamine):** Contains an -NH2 group allowing for hydrogen bonding, which affects its boiling point.
The ranking is primarily based on the presence of hydrogen bonding (compounds II and IV) and molecular structure effects (cyclic vs. linear for compounds I and III).
Expert Solution
Introduction
The boiling point of any compound generally depends on the intermolecular forces acting among the molecules.
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