3. Hepatitis C and HIV coinfection. According to a 2003 report of the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration, coinfection of HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) is on the rise. Only about 2% of Americans have HCV, but 25% if Americans with HIV have HCV. Approximately 10% of a) Write the information provided in terms of probabilities. Are the two viral infections independent? Explain your reasoning. b) What is the probability that a randomly chosen American has both HIV and HCV?||

3. Hepatitis C and HIV coinfection. According to a 2003 report of the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration, coinfection of HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) is on the rise. Only about 2% of Americans have HCV, but 25% if Americans with HIV have HCV. Approximately 10% of a) Write the information provided in terms of probabilities. Are the two viral infections independent? Explain your reasoning. b) What is the probability that a randomly chosen American has both HIV and HCV?||

A First Course in Probability (10th Edition)

10th Edition

ISBN:9780134753119

Author:Sheldon Ross

Publisher:Sheldon Ross

Chapter1: Combinatorial Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1P: a. How many different 7-place license plates are possible if the first 2 places are for letters and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

There are three modes of transporting material from Boston to Houston: by land (either by highway or railway), seaor air. Half of the materials are transported by land20% by sea, and the rest by air. Also, 60% of all land transportation is by highway and the rest is by rail shipments.Cargo traveling by each mode of transportation has a different probability of being damaged during shipment. The percentages of damaged cargo are as follows: 12% by highway, 3% by rail, 5% by seaand 2% by airIf a damaged cargo is received, what is the probability that it was shipped by sea?
The report “Addiction Medicine: Closing the Gap between Science and Practice” from the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University reveals that addiction treatment is neglected by the medical system in the United States. It shows, in particular, that 15% of Americans have the disease of addiction and that 80% of them receive no form of treatment. Determine the probability that a randomly selected American has the disease of addiction and receives no form of treatment. Interpret your answer in terms of percentage.
R4.1. Quality control A consumer organization estimates that 29% of new cars have a cosmetic defect, such as a scratch or a dent, when they are delivered to car dealers. This same organization believes that 7% have a functional defect- something that does not work properly-and that 2% of new cars have both kinds of problems. a) If you buy a new car, what's the probability that it has some kind of defect? b) What's the probability it has a cosmetic defect but no functional defect? c) If you notice a dent on a new car, what's the probability it has a functional defect? d) Are the two kinds of defects disjoint events? Explain. e) Do you think the two kinds of defects are independent events? Explain.
Pap Tests. Medical tests are frequently used to decide whether a person has a particular illness. The sensitivity of a test is the probability that a person having the illness will test positive; the specicity of a test is the probability that a person not having the illness will test negative. According to the National Cancer Institute and the Surveillance Epidemiology and EndResults Fact Sheet, roughly 7.9 per 100,000 women have cancer of the cervix. A Pap test, or Papanicolaou test, is a screening test used to detect precancerous and cancerous cells in the cervix. The specicity of the Pap test is 98% and the sensitivity of the Pap test is 51% according to the Alliance for Cervical Cancer Protection. a. Interpret the sensitivity and specicity of this test in terms of percentages.b. Determine the probability that a randomly selected female tests positive.c. Determine the probability that a female testing positive actually has cervical cancer.d. Interpret your answers from parts (b)…
A rice importer has three sources: Thailand, Vietnam, and China. Unfortunately, the annual amount of rice harvested is heavily dependent upon the amount of rainfall during the growing season. The tables below show probabilities and prices for wet, dry, and normal growing seasons. Rice is sold in tons. PROBABILITIES Wet Dry Normal Thailand 0.5 0.2 0.3 Vietnam 0.6 0.3 0.1 China 0.4 0.4 0.2 Price per Pound ($) Wet Dry Normal Thailand 0.95 1.10 1.00 Vietnam 0.85 1.20 0.98 China 0.90 1.15 1.05 Which country offers the best rice price?
Addiction Medicine. The report “Addiction Medicine: Closing the Gap between Science and Practice” from the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University reveals that addiction treatment is neglected by the medical system in the United States. It shows, in particular, that 16% of Americans have the disease of addiction and that 90% of them receive no form of treatment. Determine the probability that a randomly selected American has the disease of addiction and receives no form of treatment. Interpret your answer in terms of percentages.
A lottery cost $5 to play. Each ticket has a 12% chance of winning $40. What is expected value of a ticket?
Indicate whether the statement is true or false, and justify your answer.All perceived probabilities are weighted lower than actual probabilities.
According to the college registrar's office, 45% of students enrolled in an introductory statistics class this semester are freshmen, 20% are sophomores, 25% are juniors, and 10% are seniors. You want to determine the probability that in a random sample of five students enrolled in introductory statistics this semester, exactly two are freshmen. (a) Describe a trial. Can we model a trial as having only two outcomes? If so, what is success? What is failure? Choose one of the statements below:A. A trial consists of looking at the class status of a student enrolled in introductory statistics. Yes we can model this trial with "freshman" being a success and "any other class" as a failure.B. A trial consists of looking at the class status of a student enrolled in introductory statistics. Yes we can model this trial with "junior" being a success and "any other class" as a failure.C. A trial consists of looking at the class status of a student enrolled in introductory statistics. Yes we can…
Provide an appropriate response.True or False: Type I and Type II errors are independent events. True False
If 30% of the students take Economics, 40% take Psychology, and 10% take both Economics and Psychology. What percentage of students take Economics or Psychology? Briefly explain your answer. If a student is chosen at random, find the following conditional probabilities of a student taking Economics if we know they took Psychology. Briefly explain your answer. If a student is chosen at random, what is the probability of this student NOT taking Economics? Briefly explain your answer.