3. Figure 1 (below) represents the Hjulström diagram, which describes the relationships between particle size and their tendency to be eroded, transported, or deposited at different water flow velocities. Flow velocity (cm/s) 1000- 100 10 mmigravel .01 mm silt Particles eroded Erosion velocity 10- Particles transported 0.1 .001 curve Settling velocity curve. 1 mmsand .01 0.1 1.0 clay silt sand Particles deposited 10 gravel 100 1000 mm pebbles, cobbles, boulders Particle size (mm) and type Figure 1: The Hjulström diagram Using the information in Figure 1, answer the following questions: a) If a sand particle of 0.1 mm was settled at the bottom of a stream, what flow velocity would be needed for the particle to become suspended? b) If the velocity were to start dropping, at what velocity would a suspended sand particle of 1 mm settle back to the bottom of the stream? c) What is the largest particle that can remain in suspension at a 1 cm/s flow velocity? d) At 100 cm/s velocity, what particle sizes will be in suspension in the water?

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
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3. Figure 1 (below) represents the Hjulström diagram, which describes the
relationships between particle size and their tendency to be eroded,
transported, or deposited at different water flow velocities.
Flow velocity (cm/s)
1000-
100
10 mmigravel
.01 mm silt
Particles
eroded
Erosion velocity
10-
Particles
transported
0.1
.001
curve
Settling velocity curve.
1 mmsand
.01
0.1
1.0
clay
silt
sand
Particles
deposited
10
gravel
100
1000 mm
pebbles, cobbles, boulders
Particle size (mm) and type
Figure 1: The Hjulström diagram
Using the information in Figure 1, answer the following questions:
a) If a sand particle of 0.1 mm was settled at the bottom of a stream, what flow
velocity would be needed for the particle to become suspended?
b) If the velocity were to start dropping, at what velocity would a suspended
sand particle of 1 mm settle back to the bottom of the stream?
c) What is the largest particle that can remain in suspension at a 1 cm/s flow
velocity?
d) At 100 cm/s velocity, what particle sizes will be in suspension in the water?
Transcribed Image Text:3. Figure 1 (below) represents the Hjulström diagram, which describes the relationships between particle size and their tendency to be eroded, transported, or deposited at different water flow velocities. Flow velocity (cm/s) 1000- 100 10 mmigravel .01 mm silt Particles eroded Erosion velocity 10- Particles transported 0.1 .001 curve Settling velocity curve. 1 mmsand .01 0.1 1.0 clay silt sand Particles deposited 10 gravel 100 1000 mm pebbles, cobbles, boulders Particle size (mm) and type Figure 1: The Hjulström diagram Using the information in Figure 1, answer the following questions: a) If a sand particle of 0.1 mm was settled at the bottom of a stream, what flow velocity would be needed for the particle to become suspended? b) If the velocity were to start dropping, at what velocity would a suspended sand particle of 1 mm settle back to the bottom of the stream? c) What is the largest particle that can remain in suspension at a 1 cm/s flow velocity? d) At 100 cm/s velocity, what particle sizes will be in suspension in the water?
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