3. Draw the suggested substrates and the reagents you need to convert them to benzoic acid. Substrate Reagent Alcohol Aldehyde 4. Draw the products to each of the following reactions. CO₂H NaOH CO₂Na HC1 -CO2H CO,H 5. a) Why do carboxylic acids have unusually higher boiling points than alcohols of similar molecular mass,

Chemistry
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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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can i get an explanation on how to do 3, 4, 5? Thankyou 

### Transcription for Educational Use

**3. Draw the suggested substrates and the reagents you need to convert them to benzoic acid.**

- **Substrate:**  
  - Alcohol 
  - Aldehyde
- **Reagent:** Illustrated with an arrow pointing towards a structure of benzoic acid, which is a hexagonal benzene ring with a carboxylic acid group (CO₂H) attached.

**4. Draw the products of each of the following reactions.**

- **Reaction 1:**
  - Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (a hexagon with CO₂H attached) reacting with NaOH indicates the formation of a salt.
  
- **Reaction 2:**
  - Sodium benzoate (a benzene ring with CO₂Na attached) reacting with HCl indicates the conversion back to benzoic acid.

**5. a) Why do carboxylic acids have unusually higher boiling points than alcohols of similar molecular mass?**

- This question addresses the concept of intermolecular forces and hydrogen bonding in carboxylic acids compared to alcohols. 

The diagrams in this document illustrate chemical reactions where organic substrates (alcohols and aldehydes) are converted to benzoic acid, highlighting necessary reagents. The reactions depict neutralization and conversion processes in organic chemistry.
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription for Educational Use **3. Draw the suggested substrates and the reagents you need to convert them to benzoic acid.** - **Substrate:** - Alcohol - Aldehyde - **Reagent:** Illustrated with an arrow pointing towards a structure of benzoic acid, which is a hexagonal benzene ring with a carboxylic acid group (CO₂H) attached. **4. Draw the products of each of the following reactions.** - **Reaction 1:** - Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid (a hexagon with CO₂H attached) reacting with NaOH indicates the formation of a salt. - **Reaction 2:** - Sodium benzoate (a benzene ring with CO₂Na attached) reacting with HCl indicates the conversion back to benzoic acid. **5. a) Why do carboxylic acids have unusually higher boiling points than alcohols of similar molecular mass?** - This question addresses the concept of intermolecular forces and hydrogen bonding in carboxylic acids compared to alcohols. The diagrams in this document illustrate chemical reactions where organic substrates (alcohols and aldehydes) are converted to benzoic acid, highlighting necessary reagents. The reactions depict neutralization and conversion processes in organic chemistry.
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