3. Distinguish between a direct democracy and a representative democracy. Use appropriate examples to support your answers. [4] 4. Explain the distinction between outputs and outcomes in social service delivery [2] 5. A R1000 tax payable by all adults could be viewed as both a proportional tax and a regressive tax. Do you agree? Explain. [4] 6. Briefly explain the displacement effect in Peacock and Wiseman's model of government expenditure growth and provide a relevant example of it in the South African context. [5] 7. Explain how unbalanced productivity growth may affect government expenditure and briefly comment on its relevance to South Africa. [5] 8. South Africa has recently proposed an increase in its value-added tax rate to 15%, sparking much controversy. Why is it argued that value-added tax is inequitable and what can be done to correct the inequity? [5] 9. Briefly explain the difference between access to education and the quality of education, and why we should care about the distinction in the South African context. [5] 10. National governments often make policy decisions that influence all citizens. Discuss the unanimity voting rule as a mechanism by which individual preferences are aggregated into social preferences, as well as the shortcomings of these mechanisms. [5] 11. National governments often make policy decisions that influence all citizens. Discuss the majority voting rule as a mechanism by which individual preferences are aggregated into social preferences, as well as the shortcomings of these mechanisms. [5] 12. Explain the median voter hypothesis of Meltzer and Richard and indicate whether it can explain the growth of government expenditure in South Africa. [8] 13. Briefly explain the nature and effects of the third-party payment problem in markets for health care expenditure insurance [10]
3. Distinguish between a direct democracy and a representative democracy. Use appropriate examples to support your answers. [4] 4. Explain the distinction between outputs and outcomes in social service delivery [2] 5. A R1000 tax payable by all adults could be viewed as both a proportional tax and a regressive tax. Do you agree? Explain. [4] 6. Briefly explain the displacement effect in Peacock and Wiseman's model of government expenditure growth and provide a relevant example of it in the South African context. [5] 7. Explain how unbalanced productivity growth may affect government expenditure and briefly comment on its relevance to South Africa. [5] 8. South Africa has recently proposed an increase in its value-added tax rate to 15%, sparking much controversy. Why is it argued that value-added tax is inequitable and what can be done to correct the inequity? [5] 9. Briefly explain the difference between access to education and the quality of education, and why we should care about the distinction in the South African context. [5] 10. National governments often make policy decisions that influence all citizens. Discuss the unanimity voting rule as a mechanism by which individual preferences are aggregated into social preferences, as well as the shortcomings of these mechanisms. [5] 11. National governments often make policy decisions that influence all citizens. Discuss the majority voting rule as a mechanism by which individual preferences are aggregated into social preferences, as well as the shortcomings of these mechanisms. [5] 12. Explain the median voter hypothesis of Meltzer and Richard and indicate whether it can explain the growth of government expenditure in South Africa. [8] 13. Briefly explain the nature and effects of the third-party payment problem in markets for health care expenditure insurance [10]
Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)
8th Edition
ISBN:9781305585126
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw
Chapter12: The Design Of The Tax System
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQQ
Related questions
Question
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![3. Distinguish between a direct democracy and a representative democracy. Use appropriate
examples to support your answers.
[4]
4. Explain the distinction between outputs and outcomes in social service delivery [2]
5. A R1000 tax payable by all adults could be viewed as both a proportional tax and a
regressive tax. Do you agree? Explain.
[4]
6. Briefly explain the displacement effect in Peacock and Wiseman's model of government
expenditure growth and provide a relevant example of it in the South African context. [5]
7. Explain how unbalanced productivity growth may affect government expenditure and
briefly comment on its relevance to South Africa.
[5]
8. South Africa has recently proposed an increase in its value-added tax rate to 15%, sparking
much controversy. Why is it argued that value-added tax is inequitable and what can be
done to correct the inequity?
[5]
9. Briefly explain the difference between access to education and the quality of education,
and why we should care about the distinction in the South African context. [5]
10. National governments often make policy decisions that influence all citizens. Discuss the
unanimity voting rule as a mechanism by which individual preferences are aggregated into
social preferences, as well as the shortcomings of these mechanisms.
[5]
11. National governments often make policy decisions that influence all citizens. Discuss the
majority voting rule as a mechanism by which individual preferences are aggregated into
social preferences, as well as the shortcomings of these mechanisms.
[5]
12. Explain the median voter hypothesis of Meltzer and Richard and indicate whether it can
explain the growth of government expenditure in South Africa.
[8]
13. Briefly explain the nature and effects of the third-party payment problem in markets for
health care expenditure insurance
[10]](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F468b4108-1220-4bb8-ab6e-d92b1984b930%2F9c108f45-5351-4e9c-922b-4386a78f18c3%2F2ofa63_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:3. Distinguish between a direct democracy and a representative democracy. Use appropriate
examples to support your answers.
[4]
4. Explain the distinction between outputs and outcomes in social service delivery [2]
5. A R1000 tax payable by all adults could be viewed as both a proportional tax and a
regressive tax. Do you agree? Explain.
[4]
6. Briefly explain the displacement effect in Peacock and Wiseman's model of government
expenditure growth and provide a relevant example of it in the South African context. [5]
7. Explain how unbalanced productivity growth may affect government expenditure and
briefly comment on its relevance to South Africa.
[5]
8. South Africa has recently proposed an increase in its value-added tax rate to 15%, sparking
much controversy. Why is it argued that value-added tax is inequitable and what can be
done to correct the inequity?
[5]
9. Briefly explain the difference between access to education and the quality of education,
and why we should care about the distinction in the South African context. [5]
10. National governments often make policy decisions that influence all citizens. Discuss the
unanimity voting rule as a mechanism by which individual preferences are aggregated into
social preferences, as well as the shortcomings of these mechanisms.
[5]
11. National governments often make policy decisions that influence all citizens. Discuss the
majority voting rule as a mechanism by which individual preferences are aggregated into
social preferences, as well as the shortcomings of these mechanisms.
[5]
12. Explain the median voter hypothesis of Meltzer and Richard and indicate whether it can
explain the growth of government expenditure in South Africa.
[8]
13. Briefly explain the nature and effects of the third-party payment problem in markets for
health care expenditure insurance
[10]
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