**Stack Interface and Operations in Java Programming**Consider the following interface that defines the operations of a stack data structure:```javapublic interface Stack { public boolean isEmpty(); public void push(E element); public E pop(); public E getTop();}```Assume `makeStringStack()` returns a reference to an object implementing `Stack` and `makeCharStack()` returns a reference to an object implementing `Stack`.In the following sequence of statements, identify any statements that are invalid and provide an explanation.```javaStack stringStack = makeStringStack();stringStack.push("coffee");stringStack.push('T');Stack characterStack = makeCharStack();characterStack.push(new Character('Q'));characterStack.push(new Character('R'));characterStack.push("S");```### Analysis:1. **Valid Statements:** - `stringStack.push("coffee");` is valid because "coffee" is a `String`, matching the `Stack` type. - `characterStack.push(new Character('Q'));` and `characterStack.push(new Character('R'));` are valid because both 'Q' and 'R' are `Character` objects, matching the `Stack` type.2. **Invalid Statement:** - `stringStack.push('T');` is invalid because 'T' is a `Character`, not a `String`. The `Stack` requires a `String` type. - `characterStack.push("S");` is invalid because "S" is a `String`, not a `Character`. The `Stack` requires a `Character` type.This example illustrates the importance of type matching in generic interfaces to ensure type safety and avoid runtime errors in Java programming.

- The question is to select the incorrect statements and their reason being invalid.

Answered: 3. Consider the following interface…

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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5. The creeping problem occurs when a queue is implemented as an array. (a) Define the creeping problem. (b) Describe how to implement a queue as an array in order to avoid the creeping problem. (c) Write the C++ method Join for the new type of Queue described in (b) above.
Problem 2: Assume that the methods push(), pop() and isEmpty() methods are defined as they should be in a Stack class. Assume further that the Stack class has a no argument constructor. Write a method that uses the constructor and the methods push(), pop() and isEmpty() for removing and returning the bottom element of a given stack. Note: make sure that you don't include unnecessary spaces in your answers! public T popBottom(Stack stack) { Stack tempStack = new Stack(); Tx = null; if (!stack.isEmpty()) { x = stack.pop(); } while (!stack.isEmpty()) { #04 ; x = stack.pop(); } while (!tempStack.isEmpty()) { #05 ; } return x; }
solution for subpart 3
Project Overview: This project is for testing the use and understanding of stacks. In this assignment, you will be writing a program that reads in a stream of text and tests for mismatched delimiters. First, you will create a stack class that stores, in each node, a character (char), a line number (int) and a character count (int). This can either be based on a dynamic stack or a static stack from the book, modified according to these requirements. I suggest using a stack of structs that have the char, line number and character count as members, but you can do this separately if you wish.Second, your program should start reading in lines of text from the user. This reading in of lines of text (using getline) should only end when it receives the line “DONE”.While the text is being read, you will use this stack to test for matching “blocks”. That is, the text coming in will have the delimiters to bracket information into blocks, the braces {}, parentheses (), and brackets [ ]. A string…
CASE STUDY One of the well-known stack applications is palindrome checker. A palindrome is a word, phrase, number or sequence of words that reads the same backwards as forwards. Example: racecar Question 1 Referring to above case study, using Stack STL implementation with appropriate functions, develops a complete Palindrome program in C++. Refer to sample output below. Your program is then should be able to determine whether the word given is a palindrome or not. SAMPLE OUTPUT :: Palindrome Program :: :: Palindrome Program :: Enter total character: 5 Enter total character: 4 Enter character : f o o d Your word : food Reverse order: doof Palindrome : No Enter character : m ada m Your word : madam Reverse order: madam Palindrome : Yes Thank you for using this program. Thank you for using this program.
solution for subpart 4
Assume class StackType has been defined to implement a stack data structure as discussed in your textbook (you may also use the stack data structure defined in the C++ STL). Write a function that takes a string parameter and determines whether the string contains balanced parentheses. That is, for each left parenthesis (if there is any) there is exactly one matching right parenthesis later in the string and every right parenthesis is preceded by exactly one matching left parenthesis earlier in the string. e.g. abc(c(x)d(e))jh is balanced whereas abc)cd(e)(jh is not. The function algorithm must use a stack data structure to determine whether the string parameter satisfies the condition described above. Edit Format Table 12pt v Paragraph v |BIU A v ev T? WP O words ....
Question#3.Write a Python program to reverse a stack using recursion. Problem Solution Hints: 1. Create a class Stack with instance variable items initialized to an empty list. 2. Define methods push, pop, is_empty and display inside the class Stack. 3. The method push appends data to items. 4. The method pop pops the first element in items. 5. The method is_empty returns True only if items is empty. 6. The method display prints the elements of the stack from top to bottom. 7. Define function insert_at_bottom which takes a stack and a data item as arguments. 8. The function insert_at_bottom adds the data item to the bottom of the stack using recursion. 9. Define function reverse_stack which takes a stack as argument. 10. The function reverse_stack reverses the stack using recursion. 11. Create an instance of Stack, push data to it and reverse the stack.
IN C In this question we get a stack of chars. The implementation is given in a separate file. You should not make assumptions about the exact implementation details.You may only use the following functions to access the stack. typedef struct { // not known } stack_t; // creates a new stack stack_t* stack_create(); // pushes a given item to the stack void stack_push(stack_t* s, char item); // removes the top element from the stack and returns it // Pre condition: stack is not empty char stack_pop(stack_t* s); // checks if the stack is empty bool stack_is_empty(stack_t* s); // frees the stack void stack_free(stack_t* s); a) Write a function that gets a stack of chars and returns the number of elements in it. When the function returns, the stacks must be in their initial state. // returns the size of the stackint stack_size(stack_t* s) b) Write a function that gets two stacks of chars and checks if they are equal (i.e., have the same elements in the same order). When the…
Modify the C++ class for the abstract stack type shown belowto use a linked list representation and test it with the same code thatappears in this chapter. #include <iostream.h>class Stack {private: //** These members are visible only to other//** members and friends (see Section 11.6.4)int *stackPtr;int maxLen;int topSub;public: //** These members are visible to clientsStack() { //** A constructorstackPtr = new int [100];maxLen = 99;topSub = -1;}~Stack() {delete [] stackPtr;}; //** A destructorvoid push(int number) {if (topSub == maxLen)cerr << "Error in push--stack is full\n";else stackPtr[++topSub] = number;}void pop() {if (empty())cerr << "Error in pop--stack is empty\n";else topSub--;}int top() {if (empty())cerr << "Error in top--stack is empty\n";elsereturn (stackPtr[topSub]);}int empty() {return (topSub == -1);} }
Assume the function: void F(stack<T> &S){ } and we send a stack S to the function F, as a result of it إختر أحد الخيارات: a. Both (copy constructor and destructor) should be called b. Both (copy constructor and destructor) should not be called c. Destructor should be called d. Copy constructor should be called
complete all the implementation of the member functions listed in the class interface for the following header file. #ifndef _LINKEDSTACK#define _LINKEDSTACK #includeusing namespace std;templateclass LinkedStack{private:Node *top; Node *getCurrentTop() { return top; }public: Stack(); bool isEmpty(); bool push(ItemType newItem); bool pop(); ItemType peek(); void clean(); bool display();};#endif

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