Question answer #3 Background:GmMNewton formulated the Universal Law of Gravitation: F =R2where,F= the gravitational force between two masses.G = the gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 101" N• m²/kg?the mass of one objectmass of other objectdistance between the center of the objectsm%3DM =R =Also, we learned that weight, w=mg. Equating weight with Newton's Law of Gravitationwe get: mg =GmMor canceling m:R2GMg =R2This can be used to calculate the acceleration of gravity on any planet/object/body.Objective:Investigate several phenomena using Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation. Understandthe difference between accuracy and precision.Procedure:Perform the indicated calculations. The following information can be used for thecalculations.1.99 x 100 kg5.98 x 1024 kg7.36 x 102 kg2 x 100 kg1.90 x 1027 kgMass of Sun1.50 x 10" m6.38 x 10° m1.74 x 10 m12,000 m6.3 x 10 mEarth-Sun distanceRadius of EarthMass of EarthMass of MoonRadius of MoonRadius of neutron starMass of neutron starMass of JupiterEarth-Jupiter distance (in-line)Error and Uncertainty:All measurements contain error and thus uncertainty. We can calculate errors depending onthe nature of the experiment. We define two main types of uncertainty:Precision is how well independent measurements (E, and E2) match. Precision can bequantified usingformula: Percent Difference =E-Ex100(E, +E)/2Percent difference is used when there is not an accepted value; it is used to compare twoindependent quantities.Accuracy is how close a measurement (E) is to an accepted value (A). Accuracy can bequantified using the formula: Percent Error =|A- E|/A×100Percent error is used to compare a quantity/measurement to an accepted value. mass of the body being orbited and R is the average distance from the body. A) CalculateEarth's orbital velocity around the Sun. B) How fast is Earth traveling in m.p.h.? C)Calculate Earth's orbital velocity using a second method. (Hint: The Earth orbits theSun in approximately a circle every 365 days. Speed = Distance/Time. Distance = thecircumference of Earth's orbit = 2rR and Time is number of seconds in a year.) D)Compare the orbital velocities (speeds) from Parts A and C by calculating the percentdifference of the two velocities and comment (are they about the same?).EarthM (Sun)3. Astrologers claim that when Jupiter is 'lined-up' with the Earth and Sun, its gravitationalpull on humans is significant, and thus affects our life. A) Calculate the gravitational pullfrom Jupiter on a human (m=70 kg) when Jupiter is 'in-line' with the Earth and Sun. B)Calculate the gravitational pull from a skyscraper on a human walking through anydowntown, or city center (Assume a skyscraper has a mass of 1.2 x 10° kg, and thedistance between the center of masses is 175 m). C) Calculate the pull from a large cliff(M=8.8 x 10' kg and R=14 m). D) How many times bigger are the answers in B and Cthan the answer in part A? Comment on these results.m = 70 kgRA)M (Jupiter)m = 70 kgB)M (skyscraper)m = 70 kgC)M (cliff)ourses/1045543/pages/labs%&*

mass of man , m = 70 kg mass of Jupiter , M = 1.9 x 1027 kg Distance between Earth and Jupiter , R…

3. Astrologers claim that when Jupiter is 'lined-up' with the Earth and Sun, its gravitational pull on humans is significant, and thus affects our life. A) Calculate the gravitational pull from Jupiter on a human (m=70 kg) when Jupiter is 'in-line' with the Earth and Sun. B) Calculate the gravitational pull from a skyscraper on a human walking through any downtown, or city center (Assume a skyscraper has a mass of 1.2 x 10° kg, and the distance between the center of masses is 175 m). C) Calculate the pull from a large cliff (M=8.8 x 10' kg and R=14 m). D) How many times bigger are the answers in B and C than the answer in part A? Comment on these results.