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3. Astrologers claim that when Jupiter is 'lined-up' with the Earth and Sun, its gravitational pull on humans is significant, and thus affects our life. A) Calculate the gravitational pull from Jupiter on a human (m=70 kg) when Jupiter is 'in-line' with the Earth and Sun. B) Calculate the gravitational pull from a skyscraper on a human walking through any downtown, or city center (Assume a skyscraper has a mass of 1.2 x 10° kg, and the distance between the center of masses is 175 m). C) Calculate the pull from a large cliff (M=8.8 x 10' kg and R=14 m). D) How many times bigger are the answers in B and C than the answer in part A? Comment on these results.

3. Astrologers claim that when Jupiter is 'lined-up' with the Earth and Sun, its gravitational pull on humans is significant, and thus affects our life. A) Calculate the gravitational pull from Jupiter on a human (m=70 kg) when Jupiter is 'in-line' with the Earth and Sun. B) Calculate the gravitational pull from a skyscraper on a human walking through any downtown, or city center (Assume a skyscraper has a mass of 1.2 x 10° kg, and the distance between the center of masses is 175 m). C) Calculate the pull from a large cliff (M=8.8 x 10' kg and R=14 m). D) How many times bigger are the answers in B and C than the answer in part A? Comment on these results.

College Physics
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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Background: GmM Newton formulated the Universal Law of Gravitation: F = R2 where, F = the gravitational force between two masses. G = the gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 101" N• m²/kg? the mass of one object mass of other object distance between the center of the objects m %3D M = R = Also, we learned that weight, w=mg. Equating weight with Newton's Law of Gravitation we get: mg = GmM or canceling m: R2 GM g = R2 This can be used to calculate the acceleration of gravity on any planet/object/body. Objective: Investigate several phenomena using Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation. Understand the difference between accuracy and precision. Procedure: Perform the indicated calculations. The following information can be used for the calculations. 1.99 x 100 kg 5.98 x 1024 kg 7.36 x 102 kg 2 x 100 kg 1.90 x 1027 kg Mass of Sun 1.50 x 10" m 6.38 x 10° m 1.74 x 10 m 12,000 m 6.3 x 10 m Earth-Sun distance Radius of Earth Mass of Earth Mass of Moon Radius of Moon Radius of neutron star Mass of neutron star Mass of Jupiter Earth-Jupiter distance (in-line) Error and Uncertainty: All measurements contain error and thus uncertainty. We can calculate errors depending on the nature of the experiment. We define two main types of uncertainty: Precision is how well independent measurements (E, and E2) match. Precision can be quantified using formula: Percent Difference = E-E x100 (E, +E)/2 Percent difference is used when there is not an accepted value; it is used to compare two independent quantities. Accuracy is how close a measurement (E) is to an accepted value (A). Accuracy can be quantified using the formula: Percent Error =|A- E|/A×100 Percent error is used to compare a quantity/measurement to an accepted value.
Transcribed Image Text:Background: GmM Newton formulated the Universal Law of Gravitation: F = R2 where, F = the gravitational force between two masses. G = the gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 101" N• m²/kg? the mass of one object mass of other object distance between the center of the objects m %3D M = R = Also, we learned that weight, w=mg. Equating weight with Newton's Law of Gravitation we get: mg = GmM or canceling m: R2 GM g = R2 This can be used to calculate the acceleration of gravity on any planet/object/body. Objective: Investigate several phenomena using Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation. Understand the difference between accuracy and precision. Procedure: Perform the indicated calculations. The following information can be used for the calculations. 1.99 x 100 kg 5.98 x 1024 kg 7.36 x 102 kg 2 x 100 kg 1.90 x 1027 kg Mass of Sun 1.50 x 10" m 6.38 x 10° m 1.74 x 10 m 12,000 m 6.3 x 10 m Earth-Sun distance Radius of Earth Mass of Earth Mass of Moon Radius of Moon Radius of neutron star Mass of neutron star Mass of Jupiter Earth-Jupiter distance (in-line) Error and Uncertainty: All measurements contain error and thus uncertainty. We can calculate errors depending on the nature of the experiment. We define two main types of uncertainty: Precision is how well independent measurements (E, and E2) match. Precision can be quantified using formula: Percent Difference = E-E x100 (E, +E)/2 Percent difference is used when there is not an accepted value; it is used to compare two independent quantities. Accuracy is how close a measurement (E) is to an accepted value (A). Accuracy can be quantified using the formula: Percent Error =|A- E|/A×100 Percent error is used to compare a quantity/measurement to an accepted value.
mass of the body being orbited and R is the average distance from the body. A) Calculate Earth's orbital velocity around the Sun. B) How fast is Earth traveling in m.p.h.? C) Calculate Earth's orbital velocity using a second method. (Hint: The Earth orbits the Sun in approximately a circle every 365 days. Speed = Distance/Time. Distance = the circumference of Earth's orbit = 2rR and Time is number of seconds in a year.) D) Compare the orbital velocities (speeds) from Parts A and C by calculating the percent difference of the two velocities and comment (are they about the same?). Earth M (Sun) 3. Astrologers claim that when Jupiter is 'lined-up' with the Earth and Sun, its gravitational pull on humans is significant, and thus affects our life. A) Calculate the gravitational pull from Jupiter on a human (m=70 kg) when Jupiter is 'in-line' with the Earth and Sun. B) Calculate the gravitational pull from a skyscraper on a human walking through any downtown, or city center (Assume a skyscraper has a mass of 1.2 x 10° kg, and the distance between the center of masses is 175 m). C) Calculate the pull from a large cliff (M=8.8 x 10' kg and R=14 m). D) How many times bigger are the answers in B and C than the answer in part A? Comment on these results. m = 70 kg R A) M (Jupiter) m = 70 kg B) M (skyscraper) m = 70 kg C) M (cliff) ourses/1045543/pages/labs % & *
Transcribed Image Text:mass of the body being orbited and R is the average distance from the body. A) Calculate Earth's orbital velocity around the Sun. B) How fast is Earth traveling in m.p.h.? C) Calculate Earth's orbital velocity using a second method. (Hint: The Earth orbits the Sun in approximately a circle every 365 days. Speed = Distance/Time. Distance = the circumference of Earth's orbit = 2rR and Time is number of seconds in a year.) D) Compare the orbital velocities (speeds) from Parts A and C by calculating the percent difference of the two velocities and comment (are they about the same?). Earth M (Sun) 3. Astrologers claim that when Jupiter is 'lined-up' with the Earth and Sun, its gravitational pull on humans is significant, and thus affects our life. A) Calculate the gravitational pull from Jupiter on a human (m=70 kg) when Jupiter is 'in-line' with the Earth and Sun. B) Calculate the gravitational pull from a skyscraper on a human walking through any downtown, or city center (Assume a skyscraper has a mass of 1.2 x 10° kg, and the distance between the center of masses is 175 m). C) Calculate the pull from a large cliff (M=8.8 x 10' kg and R=14 m). D) How many times bigger are the answers in B and C than the answer in part A? Comment on these results. m = 70 kg R A) M (Jupiter) m = 70 kg B) M (skyscraper) m = 70 kg C) M (cliff) ourses/1045543/pages/labs % & *
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