3. A firm exports goods from Botswana to South Africa costing ZAR450 000.00. Payment is expected in 3 months' time. Exchange rates are as follows: ■ Current spot rate: BWP1.00 = ZAR1.30 Forward rate in three months: BWP1.00=ZAR1.30 Spot rate in three months: BWP1.00 = ZAR1.40 Required: a. Examine whether hedging is beneficial to the firm b. Outline any three challenges of using forward contracts (7 marks) (3 marks)
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- A firm exports goods from Botswana to South Africa costing ZAR450 000.00. Payment isexpected in 3 months’ time. Exchange rates are as follows:▪ Current spot rate: BWP1.00 = ZAR1.30▪ Forward rate in three months: BWP1.00=ZAR1.30▪ Spot rate in three months: BWP1.00 = ZAR1.40Required:a. Examine whether hedging is beneficial to the firmb. Outline any three challenges of using forward contractsSuppose a German importer owes an Australian exporting company 150,000 AUD, due in three months. S_0 (EUR/AUD) 0.60 Se (EUR/AUD) 0.50 (0.3) and 0.65 (0.7) Premium on AUD call option R = EUR0.02 Exercise exchange rate E = 0.62 Time to expiry 3 months What is the expected value of payables in AUD under hedge Will the option to hedge be undertaken on the basis of expected spot rate? Explain.Suppose a German importer owes an Australian exporting company 150,000 AUD, due in three months. What is the expected spot rate?
- Question 1: (a) A merchant in the UK has agreed to sell goods to an importer in the USA at an invoice price of $130,000. Of this amount, $40,000 will be payable on shipment, $60,000 one month after shipment and $30,000 three months after shipment. The quoted foreign exchange rates ($ per £) at the date of shipment are as follows: Spot rate (on shipment) Forward rate-(one month after) Forward rate-(three months after) 1.690 -1.692 1.687 -1.690 1.680 -1.684 The merchant decides to enter forward exchange contracts through his bank to hedge these transactions for fear that the future spot rates may change to his disadvantage. i. Required: ii. State what are the presumed advantages of using forward exchange contracts. iii. Calculate the sterling amount that the merchant would receive on these contracts.Currently, the spot exchange rate is $1.51 per £ and the three-month forward exchange rate is $1.53 per £. The three-month interest rate is 8.0% per annum in the U.S. and 5.8% per annum in the U.K. Assume that you can borrow as much as $1,510,000 or £1,000,000. Required: a. Determine whether the interest rate parity is currently holding. b. If the IRP is not holding, how would you carry out covered interest arbitrage? What will be your arbitrage profit? c. Explain how the IRP will be restored as a result of covered arbitrage activities. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required A Required B Required C If the IRP is not holding, how would you carry out covered interest arbitrage? What will be your arbitrage profit? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Interest arbitrage Arbitrage profit Borrow in the U.S. and invest in the U.K. Hedge exchange rate risk by selling British pounds forward. < Required A Required CCurrently, the spot exchange rate is $1.67 per £ and the three-month forward exchange rate is $1.69 per £. The three-month interest rate is 8.0% per annum in the U.S. and 5.8% per annum in the U.K. Assume that you can borrow as much as $1,670,000 or £1,000,000. Required: a. Determine whether the interest rate parity is currently holding. b. If the IRP is not holding, how would you carry out covered interest arbitrage? What will be your arbitrage profit? c. Explain how the IRP will be restored as a result of covered arbitrage activities. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required A Required B Required C Determine whether the interest rate parity is currently holding. Determine whether the interest rate parity is currently holding.
- 8. Clark Stone purchases raw material from its foreign supplier, Rinne Clay, on May 8. Payment of 1,500,000 foreign currency units (FC) is due in 30 days. May 31 is Clark's fiscal year-end. The pertinent exchange rates were as follows: May 8 May 31 June 7 Spot rate: $1.16 Spot rate:$1.18 Spot rate: $1.12 For what amount should Clark's Accounts Payable be credited on May 8? a. $1,680,000. b. $1,850,000. c. $1,740,000. d. $1,500,000. e. $1,770,000. in heCurrently, the spot exchange rate is CHF 0.89/$ and the three-month forward exchange rate is CHF 0.86/$. The three-month interest rate is 5.6% per annum in the U.S. and 4.0% per annum in Switzerland. Assume that you can borrow as much as $1,120,000 or CHF 1,000,000. A. Determine whether the interest rate parity is currently holding. B. If the IRP is not holding, how would you carry out covered interest arbitrage? Show all the steps and determine the arbitrage profit. C. Explain how the IRP will be restored as a result of covered arbitrage activities.Today is 1 July and the spot exchange rate for AUD 1.00 = EUR 0.7000. You have purchased equipment from a European supplier and the invoice amount is EUR 10,000. a) If you paid the invoice today, what is the AUD cost of the purchase?
- On December 1, Y1, AAA, a US based company, entered into a three months forward contract to purchase 1 million foreign currency FC, on March 1, Y2. The following US per FC exchange rates apply: Date Spot Rate Forward Rate December 1, Y1 $0.088 $0.084 December 31, Y1 $ 0.080 $0.074 March 1, Y2 $0.076 AAA borrowing rate is 12%. The present value factor for 2 months at an annual rate is 0.9803. How would AAA report the forward contract on its balance sheet on December 31, Y1? Justify your answer and show your calculations. 3 pts As a liability of 9,803. 1,000,000 x (0.084-0.074) = 10,000 x 0.9803 = 9803On January 1, one U.S. dollar can be exchanged for eight foreign currencies (FC). The dollar can be invested short term at a rate of 4%, and the FC can be invested at a rate of 5%.1. Calculate the direct and indirect spot exchange rates as of January 1.2. Calculate the 180-day forward rate to buy FC (assume 365 days per year).3. If the spot rate is 1 FC = $0.740 and the 90-day forward rate is $0.752, what does this suggest about interest rates in the two countries?4. Explain why a weak dollar relative to the FC would likely increase U.S. exports.5. Discuss what would happen to the forward rate if the dollar strengthened relative to the FC.A UK importer contracts to pay 18 million Yen for raw material from a supplier in Japan on one month's credit. The importer arranges with his bank to cover the transaction in sterling on the forward exchange market. The following rates are quoted to him (in Yen/£): Spot rate 247.45 - 247.75 1 month forward 248.00 – 248.80 What will be the cost of the shipment in sterling?