3- For the hydraulic structure shown below, draw a flow net for flow through the permeable layer and calculate the seepage loss in ft/day/ft. Using the flow net drawn, calculate the hydraulic uplift force at the base of the hydraulic structure per foot length (measured along the axis of the structure). 25 ft 10 ft 3.34 ft 1.67 ft 20 ft k = 0.002 ft /sec 1.67 ft 1.67 ft Permeable layer Impermeable layer

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Principles of Seepage

In hydrology, when water flows down in a pore or crack of unsaturated soil due to gravity, the deep layer of soil is called seepage. It is the slow movement of water in the soil layer. Seepage is mainly found near hydraulic structures and is responsible for the stability of earthen-type hydraulic structures.