3 Derive the following formula for the sum of triangular numbers, attributed to the Hindu mathematician Aryabhata (circa 500 A.D.): n(n + 1)(n + 2) ti + t2 + t3 + ..+ tn = n > 1 [Hint: Group the terms on the left-hand side in pairs, noting the identity tỵ-1+ tg = k².]
Permutations and Combinations
If there are 5 dishes, they can be relished in any order at a time. In permutation, it should be in a particular order. In combination, the order does not matter. Take 3 letters a, b, and c. The possible ways of pairing any two letters are ab, bc, ac, ba, cb and ca. It is in a particular order. So, this can be called the permutation of a, b, and c. But if the order does not matter then ab is the same as ba. Similarly, bc is the same as cb and ac is the same as ca. Here the list has ab, bc, and ac alone. This can be called the combination of a, b, and c.
Counting Theory
The fundamental counting principle is a rule that is used to count the total number of possible outcomes in a given situation.
2.1 Question 3
![3 Derive the following formula for the sum of triangular numbers, attributed to the Hindu
mathematician Aryabhata (circa 500 A.D.):
n(n + 1)(n + 2)
ti + t2 + t3 + ..+ tn =
n > 1
[Hint: Group the terms on the left-hand side in pairs, noting the identity tỵ-1+ tg = k².]](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F66c7b497-dac7-4855-b923-2e60bbc73063%2F7bab976a-2893-4edc-91fe-6d081c922986%2Fdi1q5vz.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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