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- The nucleus contains protons that are positive. They will repel each other. For lighter nuclei, the number of neutrons and protons is roughly equal. But for heavy nuclei the number of neutrons is high.
- This is to overcome the coulombic repulsion caused by an increased number of protons. Most of the heavy nuclei will be unstable and will decay into stable states.
- The decay probability per nucleus per second is called the decay constant it is given by,
Here t1/2 is known as the half-life of the nucleus. It is the time that it takes for the activity to be reduced by half.
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- d) A radioactive source has an activity of 3.6x107 Bq due to the decay of a radioisotope with a half-life of 7250 years. Calculate i) The decay constant ii) The initial number of atoms present.4) Calculate the binding energy per nucleon for "Fe using the Weizsäcker formula.6. One of the many isotopes used in cancer treatment is 798 Au, with a half-life of 2.70 d. Determine the mass of this isotope that is required to give an activity of 225 Ci. mg cer16 cei t would be
- Question 1: The table shows two isotopes of potassium and two isotopes of calcium. 39K 39 Ca Stable ß* decay 38.96371 38.9707 Type of emission Mass of neutral atom / u Number of electrons Number of protons Number of neutrons Total mass/u Mass defect / u Binding energy / J 42K ß decay 41.9624 Mass of the neutron = 1.008665 u 19 19 ta min 23 42.34797 0.38557 5.76 x 10-11 2 051 oqque 42 Ca stable 41.95863 Mass of the electron = 0.000549 u Mass of the proton = 1.007276 url millons voled pringle bre noljenimaxe al prderobny v nollenimexe erit lo anpitibnco art di ballamos svar en talean blow tert elshatem vos maxe erii otni triquonion aver a) Use data about potassium-42 to explain the concept of mass defect. oo will teanu snimaxe edt sot jaqeq maxe eft overmat ym of 820308 ever b) Complete the table and to calculate the mass defect and binding energy of 39K. Show your calculations in the space below.b) What type of decay is happening in the equation below? State two of the conservation laws that apply and explain how they are satisfied 238 92 U 234 Th + 4 a 90 2 c) Use the graph below to calculate the half-life of Protactinium 234, explain how you got your answer. Half Life of Protactinium 234 50 40 30 20 10 222222° 80 70 60 Activity (Bq) 0 20 20 40 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Time (seconds)4) What will be the decay constant for radon with a half-life of 3.82 days?