3 Binary Star SystemAstronomers discover a binary star system with a period of 90 days, separated by a distanced. Both stars have a mass M that is twice that of the Sun.Problem 3.1. Draw a diagram of the problem, showing the forces on the stars and theirorbital motions.Problem 3.2. What is the equation for the gravitational force of Star 1 on Star 2 (Fion2)and the equation for the force of Star 2 on Star 1 (F20n1), with respect to their orbital radiusr?

Step 1:Assumptions:1. The star system is isolated, i.e. there is no external force on the binary…

Answered: 3 Binary Star System Astronomers…

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Katz, Debora M.

Chapter7: Gravity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13PQ: A massive black hole is believed to exist at the center of our galaxy (and most other spiral...

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Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.1011 solar masses. A star orbiting on the galaxy's periphery is about 6.0104 light years from its center. (a) What should the orbital period of that star be? (b) If its period is 6.0107 instead, what is the mass of the galaxy? Such calculations are used to imply the existence of "dark matter" in the universe and have indicated, for example, the existence of very massive black holes at the centers of some galaxies.
A massive black hole is believed to exist at the center of our galaxy (and most other spiral galaxies). Since the 1990s, astronomers have been tracking the motions of several dozen stars in rapid motion around the center. Their motions give a clue to the size of this black hole. a. One of these stars is believed to be in an approximately circular orbit with a radius of about 1.50 103 AU and a period of approximately 30 yr. Use these numbers to determine the mass of the black hole around which this star is orbiting, b. What is the speed of this star, and how does it compare with the speed of the Earth in its orbit? How does it compare with the speed of light?
Unreasonable Results Suppose you wish to shoot supplies straight up to astronauts in an orbit 36,000 km above the surface of the Earth. (a) At what velocity must the supplies be launched? (b) What is unreasonable about this velocity? (c) Is there a problem with the relative velocity between the supplies and the astronauts when the supplies reach their maximum height? (d) Is the premise unreasonable or is the available equation inapplicable? Explain your answer.
(a) Using the information in the previous problem, what velocity do you need to escape the Milky Way galaxy from our present position? (b) Would you need to accelerate a spaceship to this speed relative to Earth?
(a) What is the approximate force of gravity on a 70kg person due to the Andromeda galaxy, assuming its total mass is 1013 than of our Sun and acts like a single mass 2 Mly away? (b) What is the ratio of this force to the person's weight? Note that Andromeda is the closest large galaxy.
1. A space probe of mass m approaches a binary star system as shown. The masses and positions are given on the diagram. a. What is the magnitude of the force on the space probe due to the larger star? C. What is the y component of the force? O 8M e. 4L ty Latx m 10M b. What is the x component of this force? Hint: you should be able write the values the sines and cosines without using any inverse trig functions. You don't need to know what the angles are, just what the sines and cosines are! 3L What is the net force on the space probe of mass m in component vector form? 3L 4L 5L d. Write the force on the space probe due to the smaller star in component vector form. Give answers in terms of m, M. L, and G. Please simplify. 4L f. What is the direction of the net force? Give angle counterclockwise from +x axis. You should get a numerical answer.
In 2004 astronomers reported the discovery of a large Jupiter-sized planet orbiting very close to the star HD 179949 (hence the term "hot Jupiter"). The orbit was just 1/9 the distance of Mercury from our Sun, and it takes the planet only 3.09 days to make one orbit (assumed to be circular). a. What is the mass of the star? Express your answer in kilograms and as a multiple of our Sun's mass. b. How fast (in km/s) is this planet moving?
2. Star A is twice as massive as star B. A B a. Which star experiences a larger magnitude of gravitational force from the other star? Explain. b. As the stars move towards each other under the influence of the gravitational force, which experiences an acceleration of greater magnitude? Explain.
1.between which two points do you measure the distance between spherical objects when you calculate a gravitational force? 2.explain the meaning of the word "universal" 3.explain why you are unable to feel the gravitational force of attraction between you and, for an example,a book on a table. 4.consider the variables in newtsons law of universal gravitation and suggest why the gravitational force of the earth and the sun on each other is strong enough to keep the earth in it's orbit around the sun. 5.the distance between the centres of two mass pieces of 6kg and 4kg is 3 m. 6.calculate the mangnitude of the gravitational force that they exert on each other
Question A6 The Tully-Fischer method relies on being able to relate the mass of a galaxy to its rotation velocity. Stars in the outer-most regions of the Milky Way galaxy, located at a distance of 50 kpc from the galactic centre, are observed to orbit at a speed Vrot = 250 km s-¹. Using Kepler's 3rd Law, determine the mass in the Milky Way that lies interior to 50 kpc. Express your answer in units of the Solar mass.
A rogue black hole with a mass 17 times that of the sun is 250 earth radii from the center of the earth.
1. explain what is meant by an inertial frame of reference, and whether the earth’s motion around the sun is an inertial frame of reference or not. 2.Why is Newton’s first law used to define an inertial frame of reference?

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