2a) What is the average 226Ra alpha particle heat power output of 1 tonne of New Zealand soil? 2b) Why does soil not heat up from the energy of alpha decay? 2c) In our soil 226RA is, on average, found at a concentration of around 1 part per million, by mass. How many grammes of 22°Ra are in 1 tonne of soil?
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- Radioactive potassium-40 has a half-life of 4.2 x 1016 s. a) Calculate the decay constant of potassium-40. b) A sample of potassium-40 has an initial mass of 1.0 g. Calculate the number of parent nuclei present in the sample, as well as the initial activity of the source. (One mole of potassium-40 has a mass of 40 g and NA = 6.0 x 1023 mol-1) c) Calculate the number of parent nuclei present in the sample after 9.2 x 1016 s.E c) For a radio-nuclide, a number No of atoms at time t = 0 decays as N(t) = No e¯‹, where A is the decay constant. i) Derive the relationship between the half-life t₁ and the time constant □ = = 1/λ. ii) The radio-nuclide radium-226 has a half-life of 1600 years. Calculate the activity of one gram of radium in Becquerels. iii) Radium-226 decays to radon-222, known as the daughter product. The amount of a daughter product present will vary with time, Na(t). Sketch two graphs, with appropri- ate axes and labels, to show schematically how N(t) and Na(t) evolve if Na(0) = 0, for the two extreme cases where the daughter product is much more radioactive than the parent (\d >> \) and where the daughter product is much less radioactive than the parent (\a << λ). Given that the half-life of radon-226 is 3.8 days, indicate which graph is relevant and estimate the amount of radon in equilibrium with one mole of radium.Radon gas has a half-life of 3.83 days. If 2.75 g of radon gas is present at time t = 0, what mass of radon will remain after 2.10 days have passed? g Need Help? Read It
- Answer question showing fully all the steps. Solution should be simplified and easy to understand as much as possible!H.W 2 A tiny piece of paper (produced from formerly living plant matter) taken from the Dead Sea Scrolls has ar activity of 10.8 disintegrations per minute per gram of carbon. If the initial C-14 activity was 13.6 disintegrations/min/g of C, estimate the age of the Dead Sea Scrolls.1. Suppose that a fission neutron, emitted with an energy of 2 MeV, slows down to an energy of 1 eV as the result of successive collisions in a moderator. If, on the average, the neutron gains in lethargy the amount { ; in each collision, how many collisions are required if the moderator is graphite consisting of C-12. The logarithmic mean energy decrement 8 ; is given by the following equation: E - 1+ (A - 1)2 Ln (A_- 1 2A A + 1 Note: Using any formula for the number of collisions required for this energy reduction is not acceptable without proof.
- Describe what you understand by dynamical instability of a nucleus. Define packing fraction f and draw a curve showing how f varies with the mass number A of a nucleus. Discuss how the value of f determines whether a nucleus A would be unstable against fission into A₁ and A2.Uranium-235 decays spontaneously by nucleon emission. a) Write a balanced equation to show the decay of Uranium-235, 2U, that leads to the formation of Uranium- 235 234 and name all the particles involved b) Write a balanced equation to show the decay of Uranium-235, U, that leads to the formation of 92 Thorium-231. Name all the particles involved.The amount of radioactive 40K in a 70kg person is approximately 5000Bq. A) what is the number (N) of radioactive 40K nuclei in the body? The half life of 40K is 1.25x109 years. B)What is the amount of natural potassium (in grams) in the body? The abundance of 40K is 0.012% of the natural potassium 39K