24. Table Q4 lists the areas of cross-sections at 20m apart of a road improvement project. Calculate the volume of the earthwork using the End Areas and Prismoidal methods. Table Q4 Chainage (m) Cross-sectional area (A) (m²) 3980 4000 4020 4040 4060 4080 4100 4120 4140 4160 4180 4200 4220 4240 4260 4280 110.5 160.5 128.7 109.9 173.8 184 299.1 124.8 270.4 152 126.7 289 133 176.7 232.7 113.6

Q: Define the Effective Area Method (Meyerhoff, 1953) ?

A: When foundations are exposed to both moment and vertical loads, this is a common occurrence.…

Q: The observed lengths of the sides (in feet) of a five- sided closed polygon traverse are as follows:…

A: To compute the linear misclosure and the relative precision for the given five-sided closed polygon…

Q: what is the estimated total error? what is the probable total error if the random error is ± 0.006 m…

A:

Q: Given the following cross-sections notes. It is required to determine the earthwork volume on a…

A: Solution  Area, Aa = A1+A2+A3+A4 A1 = area of trapezium - area of triangle      =…

Measuring site work, Excavation and Piling

Bid drawings typically include very little material about the precise requirements of site work operations, measuring site work and excavation work differs from measuring most other works on a construction project. The actual site work conditions are not provided and also the dimensions of the excavations are not known during the pre-construction phase. The precise measurement of the excavation and backfill of the earth material and topsoil is important for a contractor to decide upon the total cost required for the process. All the works should be carried out under OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) standards to ensure the safety of the workers.