2,4-Dinitrofluorobenzene, very often known as Sanger's reagent after the English chemist Frederick Sanger who popularized its use, reacts selectively with the N-terminal amino group of a polypeptide chain. Sanger was awarded the 1958 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in determining the primary structure of bovine insulin. One of the few people to be awarded two Nobel Prizes, he also shared the 1980 award in chemistry with American chemists Paul Berg and Walter Gilbert for the development of chemical and biological analyses of DNA. polypeptide chain in which the -F + H,NCHČNHCHC-polypeptide N-terminal amino acid is labeled with a 2,4-dinitrophenyl group O,N- R2 NO, (N-Terminal end of a polypeptide chain) 2,4-Dinitro- fluorobenzene Following reaction with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene, all amide bonds of the polypeptide chain are hydrolyzed and the amino acid labeled with a 2,4-dinitrophenyl group is sep- arated by either paper or column chromatography and identified.
Neutral Amino Acids
Amino acids which do not have any charge on them are neutral amino acids.
Globular Protein
The globular proteins refer to the shape of protein specifically spherical in nature apart from spherical form fibrous, disordered and membrane-bound proteins exist. These globular proteins are miscible in water and form a colloidal solution rather than other types which might not exhibit solubility. Many classes of the fold are found in globular proteins, which render them a sphere shape. Globular fold containing proteins usually are referred to by the term globin.
Dimer
Dimers are basic organic compounds, which are derivates of oligomers. It is formed by the combination of two monomers which could potentially be strong or weak and in most cases covalent or intermolecular in nature. Identical monomers are called homodimer, the non-identical dimers are called heterodimer. The method by which dimers are formed is known as “dimerization”.
Dipeptide
A dipeptide is considered a mixture of two distinct amino acids. Since the amino acids are distinct, based on their composition, two dipeptide's isomers can be produced. Various dipeptides are biologically essential and are therefore crucial to industry.
Write a structural formula for the product formed by treatment of the N-terminal amino group with Sanger’s reagent and propose a mechanism for its formation.
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