23. Each gate of a lock is 5 m high and is supported by two hinges placed on the top and bottom of the gate. When the gates are closed, they make an angle of 120°. The width of the lock is 4 m. If the depths of water on the sides of the gates are 4 m and 3 m respectively, determine: () the magnitude of resultant pressure on c gate, and (i) magnitude of the hinge reactions. JAns. () 79.279 kN, (ii) R7=27.924 kN, R-51.XOE Fig. 3.61 The end gates ABC of a lock are 8 m hieh

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System of Forces

A force is an external influence or agent that changes the state of a system. According to Newton's second law, the force applied to a body is proportional to the change in momentum of a body. Hence, whenever a force is applied to a body, its momentum changes. If the body is at rest, under the action of force, its state of rest changes to motion. In other words, the magnitude of the momentum of the body changes from zero to a measurable value. Similarly, if the body possesses some initial velocity, it has some associated momentum, the effect of force can cause the body to halt or come to rest, that is, the momentum reduces to zero.