23. A biologist examines a series of cells and counts 160 cells in interphase, 20 cells in prophase, six cells in prometaphase, two cells in metaphase, seven cells in anaphase, and five cells in telophase. If the complete cell cycle requires 24 hours, what is the average duration of the M phase in these cells? Of metaphase?
23. A biologist examines a series of cells and counts 160 cells in interphase, 20 cells in prophase, six cells in prometaphase, two cells in metaphase, seven cells in anaphase, and five cells in telophase. If the complete cell cycle requires 24 hours, what is the average duration of the M phase in these cells? Of metaphase?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
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Transcribed Image Text:### Biology Cell Cycle and Chromosome Questions
#### Question 23
A biologist examines a series of cells and counts:
- 160 cells in interphase
- 20 cells in prophase
- 6 cells in prometaphase
- 2 cells in metaphase
- 7 cells in anaphase
- 5 cells in telophase
If the complete cell cycle requires 24 hours, what is the average duration of the M phase in these cells? Of metaphase?
#### Question 26
A cell in G1 of interphase has 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes and DNA molecules will be found per cell when this original cell progresses to the following stages?
a. G2 of interphase
- **Answer:** 12 chromosomes, 24 DNA molecules
b. Metaphase I of meiosis
- **Answer:** 12 chromosomes, 24 DNA molecules
c. Prophase of mitosis
- **Answer:** 12 chromosomes, 24 DNA molecules
d. Anaphase I of meiosis
- **Answer:** 12 chromosomes, 24 DNA molecules
e. Anaphase II of meiosis
- **Answer:** 12 chromosomes, 12 DNA molecules
f. Prophase II of meiosis
- **Answer:** 12 chromosomes, 12 DNA molecules
g. After cytokinesis following mitosis
- **Answer:** 12 chromosomes, 12 DNA molecules
h. After cytokinesis following meiosis II
- **Answer:** 6 chromosomes, 6 DNA molecules
#### Explanation of Stages and Key Terms
- **Interphase (G1, S, G2 phases):** The cell grows and replicates its DNA. G1 is the first gap phase; S is the synthesis phase where DNA replication occurs; G2 is the second gap phase before mitosis.
- **Prophase:** Chromosomes condense, and the mitotic spindle begins to form.
- **Prometaphase:** The nuclear envelope breaks down; spindle fibers attach to chromosomes.
- **Metaphase:** Chromosomes line up at the cell equator.
- **Anaphase:** Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.
- **Telophase:** Chromosomes de-condense, and the nuclear envelope re-forms.
- **Cytokinesis:** Division of the cytoplasm, resulting in two distinct cells.
The "M phase" comprises
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