21.3 Kirchhoff's Rules Many complex circuits, such as the one in Figure 21.21, cannot be analyzed with the series-parallel techniques developed in Resistors in Series and Parallel and Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage. There are, however, two circuit analysis rules that can be used to analyze any circuit, simple or complex. These rules are special cases of the laws of conservation of charge and conservation of energy. The rules are known as Kirchhoff's rules, after their inventor Gustav Kirchhoff (1824–1887). E, R2 RI R3 E2 Figure 21.21 This circuit cannot be reduced to a combination of series and parallel connections. Kirchhoff's rules, special applications of the laws of conservation of charge and energy, can be used to analyze it. (Note: The script E in the figure represents electromotive force, emf.)

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Kirchhoff’s Rules
• Analyze a complex circuit using Kirchhoff’s rules, using the conventions for determining the correct signs of various
terms.

21.3 Kirchhoff's Rules
Many complex circuits, such as the one in Figure 21.21, cannot be analyzed with the series-parallel techniques developed in
Resistors in Series and Parallel and Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage. There are, however, two circuit analysis rules
that can be used to analyze any circuit, simple or complex. These rules are special cases of the laws of conservation of charge
and conservation of energy. The rules are known as Kirchhoff's rules, after their inventor Gustav Kirchhoff (1824–1887).
E,
R2
RI
R3
E2
Figure 21.21 This circuit cannot be reduced to a combination of series and parallel connections. Kirchhoff's rules, special applications of the laws of
conservation of charge and energy, can be used to analyze it. (Note: The script E in the figure represents electromotive force, emf.)
Transcribed Image Text:21.3 Kirchhoff's Rules Many complex circuits, such as the one in Figure 21.21, cannot be analyzed with the series-parallel techniques developed in Resistors in Series and Parallel and Electromotive Force: Terminal Voltage. There are, however, two circuit analysis rules that can be used to analyze any circuit, simple or complex. These rules are special cases of the laws of conservation of charge and conservation of energy. The rules are known as Kirchhoff's rules, after their inventor Gustav Kirchhoff (1824–1887). E, R2 RI R3 E2 Figure 21.21 This circuit cannot be reduced to a combination of series and parallel connections. Kirchhoff's rules, special applications of the laws of conservation of charge and energy, can be used to analyze it. (Note: The script E in the figure represents electromotive force, emf.)
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