Ionic Equilibrium
Chemical equilibrium and ionic equilibrium are two major concepts in chemistry. Ionic equilibrium deals with the equilibrium involved in an ionization process while chemical equilibrium deals with the equilibrium during a chemical change. Ionic equilibrium is established between the ions and unionized species in a system. Understanding the concept of ionic equilibrium is very important to answer the questions related to certain chemical reactions in chemistry.
Arrhenius Acid
Arrhenius acid act as a good electrolyte as it dissociates to its respective ions in the aqueous solutions. Keeping it similar to the general acid properties, Arrhenius acid also neutralizes bases and turns litmus paper into red.
Bronsted Lowry Base In Inorganic Chemistry
Bronsted-Lowry base in inorganic chemistry is any chemical substance that can accept a proton from the other chemical substance it is reacting with.
![**Buffer Solution Preparation**
**Problem Statement:**
A buffer solution with a pH of 4.78 is prepared with ______ M formic acid and 0.90 M sodium formate. The \( K_a \) of formic acid is \( 1.8 \times 10^{-4} \).
**Task:**
Determine the concentration (Molarity) of formic acid required to achieve the desired pH when mixed with 0.90 M sodium formate.
**Notes:**
- Buffer solutions consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base.
- The \( K_a \) value is essential for calculating the necessary concentrations for buffer solutions.
**Equation:**
- Use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
\[
\text{pH} = \text{pKa} + \log{\left(\frac{\text{[A}^-]}{\text{[HA]}}\right)}
\]
where:
- [A\(^-\)] is the concentration of the conjugate base (sodium formate).
- [HA] is the concentration of the weak acid (formic acid).](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F112687ff-b848-4a10-9e5f-6ee4a6c44de9%2F12c835bf-cdd6-431c-9781-ef1fc5599240%2Fsz9h6tq_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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