2.12 Fundamental water quality parametersA municipal water supplier reported concentrations of inorganic contaminants intreated drinking water as shown in the following table.IonMass concentration (mg/L)Molarity (M)Al3+Ba2+0.103.7 x 10-60.09 x 10-638 x 10-62.5 x 10-6113 x 10-60.08 x 1060.36 × 10-60.04 x 10-672 x 10-60.06 × 10-6245 x 10-674 x 10-615 x 10-6200 x 106570 x 1060.012F-0.72NO3CICu?+Fe2+Mn²+0.15540.0050.020.002So,-Zn2+Ca2+Mg2+K*6.90.0049.81.80.6Na+4.6HCO334.8Problems 73(a) List in order the three species that contribute the most to hardness.(b) Compute the total hardness associated with the three species listed in (a).(c) List in order the five species that contribute the most to ionic strength.(d) What is the total ionic strength caused by the five dominant species?

Hardness of water Hardness of water is a measure of the total concentration of the calcium and…

2.12 Fundamental water quality parameters A municipal water supplier reported concentrations of inorganic contaminants in treated drinking water as shown in the following table. Ion Mass concentration (mg/L) Molarity (M) A13+ Ba2+ 0.10 3.7 x 106 0.09 × 10-6 38 x 10-6 2.5 x 10-6 113 x 10-6 0.08 × 10-6 0.36 x 10-6 0.04 x 10-6 72 x 10-6 0.06 × 10-6 245 × 106 74 x 10-6 15 x 10-6 200 × 10-6 570 x 10-6 0.012 F- NO, 0.72 0.155 CI 4 Cu2+ Fe2+ Mn2+ so,- Zn2+ 0.005 0.02 0.002 6.9 0.004 9.8 Mg2+ K* 1.8 0.6 Na+ 4.6 HCO,- 34.8 Problems 73 (a) List in order the three species that contribute the most to hardness. (b) Compute the total hardness associated with the three species listed in (a). (c) List in order the five species that contribute the most to ionic strength. (d) What is the total ionic strength caused by the five dominant species?

2.12 Fundamental water quality parameters A municipal water supplier reported concentrations of inorganic contaminants in treated drinking water as shown in the following table. Ion Mass concentration (mg/L) Molarity (M) A13+ Ba2+ 0.10 3.7 x 106 0.09 × 10-6 38 x 10-6 2.5 x 10-6 113 x 10-6 0.08 × 10-6 0.36 x 10-6 0.04 x 10-6 72 x 10-6 0.06 × 10-6 245 × 106 74 x 10-6 15 x 10-6 200 × 10-6 570 x 10-6 0.012 F- NO, 0.72 0.155 CI 4 Cu2+ Fe2+ Mn2+ so,- Zn2+ 0.005 0.02 0.002 6.9 0.004 9.8 Mg2+ K* 1.8 0.6 Na+ 4.6 HCO,- 34.8 Problems 73 (a) List in order the three species that contribute the most to hardness. (b) Compute the total hardness associated with the three species listed in (a). (c) List in order the five species that contribute the most to ionic strength. (d) What is the total ionic strength caused by the five dominant species?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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2.12 Fundamental water quality parameters
A municipal water supplier reported concentrations of inorganic contaminants in
treated drinking water as shown in the following table.
Ion
Mass concentration (mg/L)
Molarity (M)
Al3+
Ba2+
0.10
3.7 x 10-6
0.09 x 10-6
38 x 10-6
2.5 x 10-6
113 x 10-6
0.08 x 106
0.36 × 10-6
0.04 x 10-6
72 x 10-6
0.06 × 10-6
245 x 10-6
74 x 10-6
15 x 10-6
200 x 106
570 x 106
0.012
F-
0.72
NO3
CI
Cu?+
Fe2+
Mn²+
0.155
4
0.005
0.02
0.002
So,-
Zn2+
Ca2+
Mg2+
K*
6.9
0.004
9.8
1.8
0.6
Na+
4.6
HCO3
34.8
Problems 73
(a) List in order the three species that contribute the most to hardness.
(b) Compute the total hardness associated with the three species listed in (a).
(c) List in order the five species that contribute the most to ionic strength.
(d) What is the total ionic strength caused by the five dominant species?

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