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2. Write in the products. a) b) O Hold PH (CH3)2CHCH₂CH₂ ∙H NaBH4 CrO3

2. Write in the products. a) b) O Hold PH (CH3)2CHCH₂CH₂ ∙H NaBH4 CrO3

Chemistry
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Write in the products of the following:
The image shows a chemical reaction diagram involving the hydroboration-oxidation process. Here’s a description suitable for an educational website: --- **Chemical Reaction: Hydroboration-Oxidation** **Reactant:** - An alkene with a branched structure is the starting material. The structure suggests a cyclic or three-dimensional configuration, typical in organic chemistry involving alkenes. **Reagents:** 1. **BH₃ (Borane):** This is used in the first step of hydroboration, where the boron atom adds across the carbon-carbon double bond of the alkene. 2. **H₂O₂, ⁻OH (Hydrogen Peroxide, Hydroxide Ion):** In the second step, oxidation occurs. This converts the organoborane intermediate into an alcohol. The hydroxyl group from the peroxide is added at the least substituted carbon atom, following anti-Markovnikov's rule. **Reaction Conditions:** - The reaction proceeds typically under mild conditions and is stereospecific, usually resulting in syn addition of hydrogen and the hydroxyl group across the double bond. **Product:** - The specific alcohol product is not shown in the image, but the reaction generally forms alcohols from alkenes, where the OH group ends up on the less substituted carbon of the former double bond. --- This method is commonly used for synthesizing alcohols from alkenes due to its regioselectivity and stereospecificity.
Transcribed Image Text:The image shows a chemical reaction diagram involving the hydroboration-oxidation process. Here’s a description suitable for an educational website: --- **Chemical Reaction: Hydroboration-Oxidation** **Reactant:** - An alkene with a branched structure is the starting material. The structure suggests a cyclic or three-dimensional configuration, typical in organic chemistry involving alkenes. **Reagents:** 1. **BH₃ (Borane):** This is used in the first step of hydroboration, where the boron atom adds across the carbon-carbon double bond of the alkene. 2. **H₂O₂, ⁻OH (Hydrogen Peroxide, Hydroxide Ion):** In the second step, oxidation occurs. This converts the organoborane intermediate into an alcohol. The hydroxyl group from the peroxide is added at the least substituted carbon atom, following anti-Markovnikov's rule. **Reaction Conditions:** - The reaction proceeds typically under mild conditions and is stereospecific, usually resulting in syn addition of hydrogen and the hydroxyl group across the double bond. **Product:** - The specific alcohol product is not shown in the image, but the reaction generally forms alcohols from alkenes, where the OH group ends up on the less substituted carbon of the former double bond. --- This method is commonly used for synthesizing alcohols from alkenes due to its regioselectivity and stereospecificity.
### Question 2: Write in the products for the following reactions. #### a) Reaction with NaBH₄ **Reactant:** A cyclic compound featuring a six-membered ring, with a ketone group (C=O) and an aldehyde group (C=O-H) at two adjacent carbon atoms. **Reagent:** NaBH₄ (Sodium borohydride) **Expected Reaction:** NaBH₄ is a reducing agent that typically reduces aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. #### b) Reaction with CrO₃ **Reactant:** (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂OH – A five-carbon chain with a hydroxyl (OH) group on the final carbon, known as an alcohol. **Reagent:** CrO₃ (Chromium trioxide) **Expected Reaction:** CrO₃ is an oxidizing agent. When used in an acidic medium, it can oxidize primary alcohols to carboxylic acids and secondary alcohols to ketones. --- In both reactions, understanding the properties and effects of the reagents (NaBH₄ and CrO₃) on the given functional groups will help in predicting and drawing the products accurately.
Transcribed Image Text:### Question 2: Write in the products for the following reactions. #### a) Reaction with NaBH₄ **Reactant:** A cyclic compound featuring a six-membered ring, with a ketone group (C=O) and an aldehyde group (C=O-H) at two adjacent carbon atoms. **Reagent:** NaBH₄ (Sodium borohydride) **Expected Reaction:** NaBH₄ is a reducing agent that typically reduces aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. #### b) Reaction with CrO₃ **Reactant:** (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₂OH – A five-carbon chain with a hydroxyl (OH) group on the final carbon, known as an alcohol. **Reagent:** CrO₃ (Chromium trioxide) **Expected Reaction:** CrO₃ is an oxidizing agent. When used in an acidic medium, it can oxidize primary alcohols to carboxylic acids and secondary alcohols to ketones. --- In both reactions, understanding the properties and effects of the reagents (NaBH₄ and CrO₃) on the given functional groups will help in predicting and drawing the products accurately.
Expert Solution
Step 1 Theory

BH3/H2O2,OH- adds water to the double bond and give Anti-Markovnikov product.

NaBH4 can only reduce aldehydes and ketones to alcohols.

CrO3 oxidises primary alcohol to aldehyde and secondary alcohol to ketone.

 

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