2. The so-called hypervariable regions (HV1 and HV2)of the human mitochondrial genome are sometimesused in forensic analysis. They are two noncoding regions of the mitochondrial genome, each approximately 300 bp, that flank the origin of replication; thefunction of these DNA sequences is not well understood. However, these two regions of mtDNA showthe most variation (SNPs and InDels) among differentpeople. The DNA within HV1 and HV2 accumulatesmutations at ten times the rate of DNA sequences inthe nuclear genome.a. Under what circumstances would human mtDNAbe preferable over nuclear DNA for identifyingindividuals?b. What are the disadvantages of using mtDNA,relative to nuclear DNA, in order to identifyindividuals?

Q: 1. A point mutation occured at base 6 in the original DNA, provide the amino acid seuence and the…

A: Any detectable, inheritable qualitative or quantitative changes in genetic material of an organism…

Q: 6.Rank order the following 10-base dsDNA sequences by "melting" temperature to single strandedness,…

A: In DNA there are four nucleotides, or bases, in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and…

Q: 5. A light year is approximately 9.46 x 1012 kilometres. Calculate in light years, the approximate…

A: A genome is a full set of genetic material found in an organism.  Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a…

Q: t for them to get a robust exp chat these genetic marks were ow. Draw the distribution of r ree…

A:

Q: 4. In the Sanger sequencing method for DNA sequencing, a small amount of a dideoxynucleoside…

A: The Sanger method only sequences a single DNA fragment at a time, while next-gen sequencing can…

Q: Using Chargaff's rule of base pairing determine the amount of guanine in 120 bp long fragment of…

A: According to Chargaff's rule amount of adenine is equal to amount of Thymine. Similarly amount of…

Q: Abands). Please, àdestity he 10. Samples were tested for sickle cell disease by PCR. The results…

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Q: 10. Which of the following statement(s) is/ are true for the molecule below? (1) It can be found on…

A: Structure of the monosaccharides can be represented using the Fischer projection or Haworth…

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A: DNA polymerase are enzymes needed for the replication of DNA

Q: Give at least two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNAs

A: Prokaryotic cells do not possess membrane bound organelles and nucleus whereas, eukaryotic cell…

Q: 7 a-d. i. ii. Draw the Hydrogen bonds between the base pairs and label the atoms that participate in…

A: There are 2 conventional base pairs in DNA. They are; Between Adenine and Thymine Between Guanine…

Q: 1. Under each sequence of bases, write the sequence of bases complementary to each section of DNA in…

A: Introduction :  The primary nucleobases are cytosine (DNA and RNA), guanine (DNA and RNA), adenine…

Q: 31. During DNA repair in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which of the following enzymes forms a…

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Q: top strand Hybrid B bottom strand Hybrid C Hybrid B is double stranded DNA from PROKARYOTE or HUMAN…

A: Generally prokaryote DNA is shorter than humans. Because, prokaryotes genes do not contain introns,…

Q: 5.If the following two primers 3'AAGS' S'CCG3' were used to facilitate the polymerase chain reaction…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) refers to the polymer that is made of nucleotides. A nucleotide…

Q: 1. In not more than 200 words, explain how the double-helical structure of DNA suggests a mechanism…

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Q: 8. For each of the following DNA template strands a. 3' TACGGC 5' b. 3' CCATTA 5' Determine: a. the…

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Q: 5. Interaction between DNA and protein forms associated complex in different biological environments…

A: Biomolecules undertake complex conjugations with each other to form complexes with unique…

Q: 2. Multigene segment organization of Ab DNA V, (D), J and C gene segments 3. Random gene segment…

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Q: 5. A light year is approximately 9.46 x 1012 kilometres. Calculate in light years, the approximate…

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Q: 17. In the DNA gel, where are the largest bands located? (Towards the beginning of the gel close to…

A: The largest fragments are near the top of the gel (negative electrode), and the smallest fragments…

Q: 1. What is the total size of the PMBBS plasmid in bp? Answer: bp 2. How many cut sites on the pMBBS…

A: As per the guidelines, we are supposed to answer only three subparts. Kindly repost the question…

Q: 8. Consider a relaxed, covalently-closed circular DNA plasmid that has 2080 base pairs with Wr = 0.…

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Q: 3. After analyzing a DNA sequence for gene properties, the following sequences were reported at the…

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Q: 4. You have a double-stranded linear DNA molecule, the appropriate primers, all the enzymes required…

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Q: 6.You have used the primer 5' CTGA 3' in a DNA sequencing reaction with the template DNA sequence…

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Q: 1. Illustrate. Consider the given pair of homologous DNA molecules. W X Y W' X' Y' w' x' W X y Z…

A: A Holliday junction is a nucleic acid structure with four double-stranded arms that are linked…

Q: Given the following genome: G C G C G C G C G C A G A G A G A G   Construct a De Bruijn graph…

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Q: 6. H₂C HO Which of the following dinucleotides can be methylated by DNA methyltransferase? NH₂ NH₂ 9…

A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will answer only first question for you. In order to get…

Q: Draw deoxyribonucleosides in the conformation they would appear in Z-DNA and B-DNA.

A: Z DNA

Q: 7. The following nucleotide sequencæis found in a short stretch of DNA: 5-ATGT-3' 3'-TACA- 5' If…

A: DNA is the carrier of genetic information. DNA is replicated in the cell to make two copies of it…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.