2. The graph shows the x position of a small ball hooked onto a spring of spring constant 2000 N/m. a. What is the mass of the ball? x (cm) N 40 30 20 10 5 10 15 20 25 30 time (ms) b. What is the maximum potential energy stored in the spring during the oscillations? Assume U = 0 at equilibrium.
Simple harmonic motion
Simple harmonic motion is a type of periodic motion in which an object undergoes oscillatory motion. The restoring force exerted by the object exhibiting SHM is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position. The force is directed towards the mean position. We see many examples of SHM around us, common ones are the motion of a pendulum, spring and vibration of strings in musical instruments, and so on.
Simple Pendulum
A simple pendulum comprises a heavy mass (called bob) attached to one end of the weightless and flexible string.
Oscillation
In Physics, oscillation means a repetitive motion that happens in a variation with respect to time. There is usually a central value, where the object would be at rest. Additionally, there are two or more positions between which the repetitive motion takes place. In mathematics, oscillations can also be described as vibrations. The most common examples of oscillation that is seen in daily lives include the alternating current (AC) or the motion of a moving pendulum.
![**Problem 2:**
The graph shows the x position of a small ball hooked onto a spring of spring constant 2000 N/m.
a. **What is the mass of the ball?**
b. **What is the maximum potential energy stored in the spring during the oscillations? Assume \( U = 0 \) at equilibrium.**
**Graph Explanation:**
The provided graph plots the position \( x \) (in centimeters) of a small ball against time (in milliseconds). The x-axis represents time ranging from 0 ms to 30 ms, and the y-axis represents the position \( x \) of the ball ranging from 0 cm to 40 cm. The curve depicts oscillatory motion, indicating that the ball follows a periodic back-and-forth movement due to the spring.
**Graph Details:**
- At \( t = 0 \) ms, \( x \approx 27 \) cm.
- At \( t \approx 7.5 \) ms, \( x \) reaches a peak value of \( x \approx 40 \) cm.
- At \( t \approx 15 \) ms, \( x \approx 20 \) cm which is approximately the midpoint.
- At \( t \approx 22.5 \) ms, \( x \) reaches a minimum value of \( x \approx 0 \) cm.
- The motion then continues to repeat following a sinusoidal pattern.
This periodic motion is characteristic of simple harmonic motion, a type of oscillatory motion. The spring constant provided (2000 N/m) along with this data will allow us to calculate the required physical properties such as the mass of the ball and the maximum potential energy stored in the spring.](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fed9646ce-15b0-415b-bd6e-483299f8afd8%2F52132f3d-30dc-4583-8b43-d919e75cfac5%2Fhrq6l3_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
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