Answer #2 2. Relation between Reaction Velocity and Substrate Concentration: Michaelis-MentenEquation(a) At what substrate concentration will an enzyme having a kcat of 30 s² and a KM of0.005 M show one-quarter of its maximum rate?(b) Determine the fraction of Vmax that would be found in each case when[S] = ½KM, 2KM, and 10KM.3. Protection of Enzyme Against Denaturation by HeatWhen enzyme solutíons are heated, there is a progressive loss of catalytic activity with time.This loss is the result of the unfolding of the native enzyme molecule to a randomly coiledconformation, because of its increased thermal energy. ´A solution of the enzyme hexokinaseincubated at 45 °C, lost 50% of its activity in 12 mins, but when hexokinase was incubated at45 °C in the presence of a very large concentration of one of its substrates, it lost only 3% of itsactivity. Explain why thermal denaturation of hexokinase was retarded in the presence of one ofits substrates.

Michaelis-Menten model of enzyme kinetics is a very useful model which describe the relationship…

Answered: 2. Relation between Reaction Velocity…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Vmax [S] Vo = Km+ [S] Eadie-Hofstee plot Lineweaver-Burk (L-B) plot v=Vm-Km [S] Km 1 Vm Vm [S] The equations above apply for Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics but are presented in three different formats. For competitive inhibition The Michaelis-Menten equation becomes Vo=Vmax[S]/(aKm+[S]) Put the Michaelis-Menten equation for competitive inhibition in the Eadie-Hofstee format. The Y-intercept of this plot will be
The enzyme triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) catalyzes the following reaction in glycolysis, where it converts dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GAP). CH₂OH C=O CH₂OPO²- DHAP triose phosphate isomerase [DHAP] (MM 1.00 2.00 3.00 6.00 O V. (mM/s) 3.700 6.727 9.250 14.800 = H HCOH CH₂OPO²- Kinetics experiments were performed on TIM. Enzyme activity (initial velocity, V.) was measured at varying concentrations of DHAP. The enzyme kinetics were also measured in the presence of two inhibitors, A and B. The enzyme concentration used in all experiments was 25.00 μM. The data are shown below. GAP V. (mM/s) + A 1.452 2.794 4.038 7.281 V₁ (mM/s) + B 0.755 1.379 1.905 3.077
Vmax [S] Km + [S] Vo = Eadie-Hofstee plot Lineweaver-Burk (L-B) plot v=Vm-Km [S] Km 1 Vm Vm [S] 1 The equations above apply for Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics but are presented in three different formats. For uncompetitive inhibition The Michaelis-Menten equation becomes Vo-Vmax(S)/(Km+a'[S)) Put the Minchaelis-Menten equation for uncompetitive inhibition in the Lineweaver-Burk format. The slope of this plot will be
3. (а) 0.0050 M operate at one-quarter of its maximum rate? At what substrate concentration would an enzyme with a kcat of 30.0 s-1 and a Km of (b) trations [So]: ½ Km, 2 KM, and 10 KM. Determine the fraction of Vmax that would be obtained at the following substrate concen- (c) ( 1 (HIV-1) has been the object of innumerable studies to develop effective chemotherapeutic agents. It has been shown that p6* known as the late assembly protein is an inhibitor of HIV protease. An assay was developed using an artificial polypeptide substrate containing a p-nitrophenylalanine residue at the cleavage point that undergoes a small change in absorption at 295 nm upon bond hydrolysis that could be followed spectrophotometrically. The cleavage of the peptide bond is shown schematically on the right. Results of the assay are given in the table below. The protease of the human immunodeficiency virus- Lys NH2 Ala Nle Arg Ala Val-Nle-NH-CH- C-NH-Glu CH2 Lys NH2 Ala NO2 Nle H2OH NHIV-1 protease Ala Vo…
. The optimal conditions for salivary lysozyme (hydrolyzing glycoproteins of bacterial wall) are 37 C - temperature and pH is 5.2. Explain the decrease in this enzyme activity if the temperature will rise up to 60 °C and pH will be changed to 8.0. To answer the question: a) draw the graph of the velocity dependency on temperature and pH; b) calculate the relative enzyme activity if 10 mg of lysozyme catalyzes the formation of 5 uM of the product per 2 minutes. Concidor NH3: 5.
Make a v vs. [S] plot for an enzyme that obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a Vmax of 150 mM/min and Km of 1.5 mM.
Substrate KM (M) N-Acetylvaline ethyl ether 8.8 X 10 -2 N-Acetyltyrosine ethyl ether 6.6 X 10-4 Which substrate has the higher apparent affinity for the enzyme? Explain. Which substrate is likely to give a higher value for Vmax?
5) In an experiment to investigate the inhibition of the enzyme-glucosidase the following data for the rates of reaction with glucopyranoside for various substrate concentrations was obtained. By constructing a Leaver-Burk plot, determine the value of the Michaelis constant. [S]/ (10-6 mol dm-3) v/ (10-3 mol dm-3 s-1) 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 16.7 33.3 41.1 49.8
Table below shows the kinetic data obtained for an enzyme in the absence of any inhibitor (1), and in the presence of an inhibitor (2), at a concentration of 7.0 mM. Assume the total enzyme concentration, [E]T, is the same for each experiment. Table 1 [S] (mM) Vo Vo {umol/(mL•s)} {umol/(mL•s)} Without Inhibitor With Inhibitor (1) 3.8 (2) 2.2 1 2 7.3 4.3 4 13.3 8.2 8 22.9 14.9 12 30.0 20.4 a); Construct a Lineweaver -Burk plot using the kinetic data shown in Table 1. Determine Vmax and Km for the uninhibited enzyme and inhibited enzyme.
An enzyme catalyzes a reaction at a velocity of 20 micromole/min when the concentration of substrate (S) is 0.01 M. The Km for this 1 X 10^-5 M. Assuming that Michaelis-Menten Kinetics are followed, what will the reaction velocity be when the concentration of S is 1.0 X 10^-6 M?
when saturated with substrate, an enzyme has a maximum initial rate of 110mumoles of substrate converted to product per second. At a substrate concentration of 100mu M, the same enzyme converts substrate to product at a rate of 0.010mmoles/ sec. Assuming that Michaelis - Menten kinetics are followed, calculate the reaction rate when substrate concentration is 2x10^-3M.
At what substrate concentration would an enzyme with a kcat of 33.0 s-1 and a Km of 0.0046 M operate at one-tenth of its maximum rate? Assume the enzyme obeys Michaeli s-Menten kinetics.

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