Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Question 2: Rank Ha, Hb, and Hc in order of increasing chemical shift.**
**Diagram Explanation:**
There are two molecular structures labeled a and b:
- **Structure a:**
- Contains an Hc hydrogen atom connected to a vinyl group.
- Two other hydrogens, Ha and Hb, are attached to an OCH₂CH₃ group, with Ha bonded to the carbon of the ethyl group furthest from the oxygen and Hb bonded to the carbon nearer to the oxygen.
- **Structure b:**
- Features Ha attached to a CH₃ group.
- Hb is bonded to a CH₂ group directly connected to Ha.
- Hc is part of another CH₂ group connected to a carbonyl (C=O) group, adjacent to a methyl group (CH₃), labeled Hd.
**Task:**
Rank the hydrogen atoms (Ha, Hb, Hc) in each structure based on increasing chemical shift (NMR context), considering the electronic environment around each hydrogen. Analysis typically focuses on factors such as electron-withdrawing effects, hybridization, and proximity to electronegative atoms or pi systems.
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