2. In an increasingly rare scenario, an orca (killer whale) chases a salmon. The orca can locate the salmon by producing an echolocation "click" of 50.00 kHz frequency near its blowhole and directing it at the salmon. The "click" echoes off of the fleeing salmon, and returns to the orca, whose brain processes the change in frequency of the “click” into the speed of the salmon (the orca can also figure out how far away and in what direction the salmon is). In other words, the frequency changes twice. Assuming that the speed of sound in seawater is 1440. m/s, and that the water has no current, is the frequency of the returning “click” higher, lower or the same as the original 50.00 kHz? Use the Doppler formula and explain the signs of the various velocities involved. Remember, you'll have to use the formula twice – once on the way out, once on the way back. Hint: Assume the salmon and the orca are moving in the same direction. Is the salmon moving faster than the orca, or vice versa? Does that even matter? You should check both cases: the salmon faster and the orca faster. If the sound doesn't change frequency, note that this tool is useless to the orca.
2. In an increasingly rare scenario, an orca (killer whale) chases a salmon. The orca can locate the salmon by producing an echolocation "click" of 50.00 kHz frequency near its blowhole and directing it at the salmon. The "click" echoes off of the fleeing salmon, and returns to the orca, whose brain processes the change in frequency of the “click” into the speed of the salmon (the orca can also figure out how far away and in what direction the salmon is). In other words, the frequency changes twice. Assuming that the speed of sound in seawater is 1440. m/s, and that the water has no current, is the frequency of the returning “click” higher, lower or the same as the original 50.00 kHz? Use the Doppler formula and explain the signs of the various velocities involved. Remember, you'll have to use the formula twice – once on the way out, once on the way back. Hint: Assume the salmon and the orca are moving in the same direction. Is the salmon moving faster than the orca, or vice versa? Does that even matter? You should check both cases: the salmon faster and the orca faster. If the sound doesn't change frequency, note that this tool is useless to the orca.
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Transcribed Image Text:2. In an increasingly rare scenario, an orca (killer whale) chases a salmon. The orca can locate
the salmon by producing an echolocation "click" of 50.00 kHz frequency near its blowhole and
directing it at the salmon. The "click" echoes off of the fleeing salmon, and returns to the orca,
whose brain processes the change in frequency of the "click" into the speed of the salmon (the
orca can also figure out how far away and in what direction the salmon is). In other words, the
frequency changes twice.
Assuming that the speed of sound in seawater is 1440. m/s, and that the water has no current, is
the frequency of the returning "click" higher, lower or the same as the original 50.00 kHz? Use
the Doppler formula and explain the signs of the various velocities involved. Remember, you'll
have to use the formula twice - once on the way out, once on the way back.
Hint: Assume the salmon and the orca are moving in the same direction. Is the salmon moving
faster than the orca, or vice versa? Does that even matter? You should check both cases: the
salmon faster and the orca faster. If the sound doesn't change frequency, note that this tool is
useless to the orca.
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