2. Give reason why in a Newton's ring experiment the central spot, as seen by reflection, is dark? Explain with proper diagram, Rayleigh's criterion for two spectral lines of equal intensities that are just resolved. (5 Points)

Q: 1. Drive Kirchhoff's integral theorem for diffration. And writes its application to rectangular…

A: Kirchhoff's integral theorem, sometimes referred to as the Fresnel Kirchhoff integral theorem,uses…

Q: l-aperture imaging radar in the a ambda is 3cm, 0 is 20° and heigh

A: Given as, Length, L= 10 m, Lambda, λ=3cm=3×10-2m, Angle, θ=20°, Height, h=800km=800×103m.

Q: Explain why we cannot see in the dark.

A: When light falls on any object, initially it gets absorbed by the individual atoms of that object,…

Q: 1. What is necessary for true diffraction to occur?

A: Condition required to occurs diffraction of light are . 1)Diffraction effect depand upon he size of…

Q: . True or False: A continuous spectrum consists of ablending of colors. ___________

A: By the experiment carried out by Newton, he observed dispersion of white light when it passes…

Q: 20) Calculate the diffracted wavelength of first-order maximum when X-rays graze crystal plane with…

A: The crystalline structure of a crystal is capable of diffracting incident X-rays in different…

Q: In the picture, shown below which ray is incident at an angle greater than critical angle Ray 1 Ray…

A: Waves with an angle of incidence greater than the critical angle reflect from the surface, similar…

Q: Below, the most intense peaks of x-ray diffraction patterns obtained from two samples of the same…

A: Required : Reason for the difference in the intensity peaks.

Q: Two black flies are sitting 7.52 cm apart on a hamburger bun on a picnic table. A spy satellite with…

A:

Q: (i) Define Rayleigh criterion. (i) Provide a simple explanation on a well resolved, just resolve,…

A:

Q: 1. Calculate the luminance of the two lights having 1000 lumen of each and have been placed 30 m…

A: Given that, Luminous flux of light = 1000 lumen Distance, r = 30 m (from an incandescent) We need to…

Q: In the Compton experiment, you use 71-pm X-ray, find the wavelength of scattered light at 30 angle.…

A: λsc=λ0+λC1-cosθ=71 pm+2.43 pm1-cos30°=71.33 pm Thus, the scattered wavelength is 71.33 pm.

Q: In the picture, shown below which ray is incident at the critical angle Ray 1 Ray 2 Normal n2 Ray 3…

A: When a ray goes from dense medium to rare medium and incident at critical angle, the refraction…

Q: How can light be absorbed by defects called color centers?

A: Light can be absorbed by defects called color centers. Color centers are certain defects that…

Q: Question: The interplanar distance in a crystal is 2.8 × 10-8 m. The value of maximum wavelength…

A: Given that- The interplanar distance in a crystal, d=2.8×10-8 m. The value of maximum wavelength,…

Q: d) Write about Michelson interferometer and calculate the wave length of monochromatic light using…

A: The best illustration of an amplitude-splitting interferometer is the Michelson interferometer.…

Q: List any two applications of ultra violet rays.

A: UV rays from the Sun inactivate the bacteria present in the washed clothes and help to protect us…

Q: e power spectrum correspo Rxx (T) = [

A: Given: RXX(τ)=cosατ+sinα|τ|e-α|τ| To find power spectrum which corresponds to the autocorrelation…

Q: In young’s double-slit experiment, why do we use monochromatic light?

A: To determine: Why we use monochromatic light, in Young's double slit experiment

Q: 4. A Lambertian source of radiance 10 W /m² sr is made in the shape of a ring. What is the…

A: .

Q: alculate the wavelength of light with the frequency of 10 Hz (in meters):

A: Given that, frequency of light f =10 Hz

Q: 2) Light has angular fregueacy J Calculete the linear freguency. 6000 Tr an ss Calculate the period.…

A: Given data:  A light wave  Angular frequency (ω) = 6000π rad/s  Required: Linear frequency (f),…

Q: 13. The alpha spectral line from hydrogen is 656 nm. When this light encounters a diffraction…

A: The wave length of light λ=656nm=656×10-9m  Grating element (a+b)=1cm10000=0.01m10000=10-6m The…

Q: Explain how attenuation in conventional medical X-ray imaging leads to projection images of the…

A: Attenuation in conventional medical X-ray imaging occurs when X-rays pass through the body and are…

Q: the far neld pattern for a aperture ro

A: When a point object is imaged using a circular opening (or aperture) like a lens or the iris of our…

Q: A Fabry-Perot etalon has a peak transmission at 500 nm corresponding to an order n nd a spectral…

A: Given: The wavelength is 500 nm.            The order is m=3            The spectral width is 1 nm.…

Q: Q3) The figure below shows an x-ray diffraction pattern for erbium nitride (ErN) taken using a…

A: Given, wavelength of x-ray, λ=0.15418×10-9m order of diffraction, n=1   1) Now from figure, a) for…

Q: In an X-ray diffraction experiment the grazing angle is measured to be 9º. If the crystal spacing is…

A: The crystalline structure of a crystal is capable of diffracting incident X-rays in different…

Q: Within 2 minutes, 2 million photons of monochromatic green light are shone on a 3.2 x 10^-6 m^2…

A: Given data: Time t = 2 min Light = green Number of photons n = 2 million Area A=3.2×10-6 m2

Q: y tiny hole on a screen, it creates a diffraction pattern similar to that of light. Does this imply…

A: An electron beam goes through a very small hole, it produces a diffraction pattern on a screen, just…

Q: Calculate the wavelength of the red light of the Palmer series in the spectrum of a hydrogen atom…

A:

Q: 2- What is the aperture function in the Fourier transform?

A: The aperture function describes the transmission of light waves through an optical system. It is a…